Bleeding Disorders

Anthony Llanes and the Asociación Puertorriqueña De Hemofilia y Condiciones de Sangrado (Puerto Rican Association of Hemophilia and Bleeding Conditions)

By Justin Lindhorst


As a child, Anthony was begrudgingly accustomed to being told “No.” No sports, no bike riding, no skating, no horseplay. Though his family had nothing but good intentions, he was frequently reminded that stepping outside the bubble his family had wrapped him in was a recipe for disaster. “You won’t live to celebrate your 18th birthday if you do that,” his Abuelita would chastise when he was too rambunctious.

Having severe hemophilia was hard enough, but being treated like fragile porcelain made things more challenging. Even gym class felt like a punishment. As his classmates played games in the warm Puerto Rican sun, teachers required Anthony to spend the time in the library doing book reports.


Anthony does not hold any ill-will toward his teachers and family who only wanted to keep him safe. There was no prior history of hemophilia in his family, and growing up in Puerto Rico presented its own challenges. To this day the island has a single pediatric Hemophilia Treatment Center staffed by one doctor and one nurse. Hospitals outside of the HTC, government agencies and school systems lacked awareness for protocols and best practices for people living with a bleeding disorder.

One thing that helped make life with hemophilia easier for Anthony and his family was getting involved with the local chapter, the Asociación Puertorriqueña de Hemofilia y Condiciones de Sangrado. Founded in 1999 by a couple with a son impacted with hemophilia, the chapter served primarily as a social network for families on the island. Meeting with others in the community helped Anthony and his family feel less isolated and better connected to those who understood the challenges life with hemophilia can present.

Reaching adolescence, Anthony began to rebel. “I became reckless. I disconnected from the community. I had been told for so long not to do so many things, I was determined I would do everything I wanted, despite the consequences,” he explained. Over time, those consequences began to add up. Frequent bleeding episodes punctuated this time in his life, and as the length and intensity of his bleeds increased, Anthony realized it was time to make a change. He began taking more proactive steps to manage his bleeding disorder and overall well-being. As his health improved, he became compelled to help other youth in the community avoid some of the bad decisions he made during that rebellious time.

In summer of 2014, Anthony was asked by chapter leadership to speak to a group of children at the annual bleeding disorder summer camp program. Arriving to camp in a wheelchair following surgery on a target knee joint, Anthony could have never anticipated how deeply that day would impact him.

Not having the opportunity to attend camp as a child, speaking that day was his first chance to experience the magic of camp. “I knew right away I wanted to be more involved,” Anthony said. “The kids were so happy to be there and so attentive. Before I left that day, I told the camp director she could count on me as a volunteer the following year, and I’ve been involved ever since.” After volunteering as a counselor for several years and attending conferences such as the National Hemophilia Foundation and NACCHO (North American Camping Conference of Hemophilia Organizations), in 2016, Anthony and another community member were asked to assume the position of Camp Co-Directors.

In 2018, a disaster struck the island in the form of devastating Hurricane Maria. As the intensity and scope of the natural disaster shocked the world, Anthony was volunteering with the chapter to help connect bleeding disorder community members with much needed aid and emergency support. Operating directly alongside HFA, the team worked long, tedious hours in the wake of the hurricane. “We did not have an electronic database with patient contact information, we were using paper records to locate and provide support for families,” he shared. “I’ll never forget riding alongside HFA personnel trying to navigate impassable roads, attempting to find alternate routes, and coordinating with local emergency employees to reach families in need.” It was during this time that Anthony’s guidance solidified him as a leader in the community and the face of the chapter. The resilience shown by members of the bleeding disorder community and all Puerto Ricans during that difficult time along with the outpour of support from HFA, NBDF and all corners of the world left a lasting mark on Anthony.

As the island grappled with the aftermath of the storm, a significant change within the chapter occurred. After many years of leadership and support, the couple who had been running the chapter since 1999 informed the community they were resigning. HFA stepped in and organized community members to hold an open election for a new chapter board chair. The votes were tallied, and Anthony emerged as the clear nominee. “I remember feeling shocked, and initially very unsure whether I was ready or in a position in my life to assume that responsibility,” Anthony recalled. “Though I was uncertain, I realized that for so many people to put their faith in me meant something, and I decided to take the position.”

As Board Chair, there was much to be done. “I had to learn a lot about nonprofit administration, finances and operations on the fly,” Anthony explained. “Our biggest initial challenge was that we did not have 501-C3 status, so we were not formally recognized as a charitable foundation. We also spent a lot of time moving everything from a mostly paper format to electronic records.” Anthony received a lot of assistance from NBDF, HFA, and other executive directors stateside and credits their ongoing support as instrumental in the growth of the chapter.

During this time Anthony also conducted extensive outreach to better understand the needs and wants of the community. In 2019 he hosted a total of 25 programs that allowed him to interface at a deeper level with the community and align the chapter priorities with the needs of Puerto Ricans living with a bleeding disorder. Anthony, the board, and many volunteers worked very hard and within two years, Anthony transitioned from his role as Board Chair and assumed the position of Executive Director.

Today the Asociación Puertorriqueña de Hemofilia y Condiciones de Sangrado continues to thrive. Working extensively with the HTC, volunteers, NBDF, HFA, and community members on the island, the chapter has significantly expanded its educational, financial, and legislative activities. Their advocacy efforts have led to the introduction of four new bills addressing needs such as establishing a patient registration system to determine the number of people impacted with a bleeding disorder on the island; providing emergency protocols to first responders and health systems outside of the HTC; and expanding research initiatives. Programming for men, women, teens, mental health issues, and an emergency financial assistance program have helped to bridge gaps and address specific needs in the community. The Chapter also now hosts two primary fundraisers, a UNITE Walk and a T-shirt fundraiser for World Hemophilia Day.

Much is on the horizon for the chapter. From May 3–5, 2024, the organization will host their first “Moin Conference.” The weekend program will welcome Spanish-speaking patients and families from chapters across the United States along with the local population for a weekend of education and community building. Outreach efforts to engage with patients across the island and establish a registry continues to be a priority so no patient or family is left behind. The chapter is also hard at work advocating for the creation of an adult HTC. Day after day, the chapter is helping to raise awareness and improve quality of life for their members.

As the Asociación Puertorriqueña de Hemofilia y Condiciones de Sangrado approaches 25 years of service to the community, Anthony and his team are looking forward to celebrating achievements and continuing the mission of the chapter. For Anthony, the future very much is connected to his past. “My experiences living with hemophilia on the island stays at the forefront as we develop new programs and services,” Anthony shared. “My childhood, rebellious teenage period, all the wonderful people I have met, and everything I have learned along the way will continue to influence the story of our chapter.”


Patient Navigation Program

Securing access to prescribed therapy, resolving insurance issues, and dealing with medically-related financial burdens represent some of the health system challenges faced by members of the bleeding disorders community. Our Patient Navigation Program is here to help!


DISCLAIMER: THIS IS NOT MEDICAL ADVICE. All information, content, and material is for informational purposes only and is not intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a qualified physician or healthcare provider. Please consult a physician or other health care professional for your specific health care and/or medical needs or concerns and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read here or on our website.


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Celebrating Success and Growth

By Omar and Milybet Cepeda, Ed


“You cannot dream of becoming something you do not know about. You have to learn to dream big. Education exposes you to what the world has to offer, to the possibilities open to you.”

— Sonia Sotomayor


Before the days of modern medicine, a child with hemophilia spent a lot of time in hospitals and at home healing from bleeding episodes. As a result, many children living with a bleeding disorder experienced prolonged school absences and other challenges in academic settings. With accessibility of medication, prophylactic regimens, longer-acting clotting factors, Individualized Education Programs (IEP), and 504 Education Plans outlining educational modifications and accommodations for students with a health condition such as hemophilia, a bleeding disorder is no longer a barrier to education. This is the story of one family’s journey where success is intentional, not accidental, as told by mother and son.


Milybet: 

In 2002, I married my high school sweetheart, Harry. My father had hemophilia—my husband knew I was a carrier and that I had a 50% chance of passing it on to our future child. Harry was familiar with hemophilia and assured me he was in for the long haul. In 2004, our son, Omar, was born and, as we almost expected, was diagnosed with severe hemophilia. A week later, I lamented to my husband, “He is going to grow up so fast; he will be in college soon.” Harry laughed and replied, “You’re so silly!” Well, that was a fast 19 years ago! 

When Omar was first born, I wanted to bubble wrap myself around him. As a special education teacher, I contemplated leaving my job to stay home with him. However, when Omar was about a year old, Harry was injured and no longer able to work. He became a full-time Mr. Mom to our son.

While we adore our Omar to pieces, we worried. At times, I felt hopeless and lost in a world that revolved around navigating his health concerns. I often struggled to manage the chaos of an infusion and was consumed with apprehension when my son faced medical challenges. Sometimes my husband and I lost sleep, and sometimes our hearts skipped a beat—sometimes several beats—yet our son has always brought us such joy and makes us smile every single day.

As the years passed, we became more comfortable with our extra responsibilities as parents of a child with severe hemophilia. We were in this together—counting our blessings, overcoming self-neglect, having the strength to ask for help, reclaiming our lives, sharing our story, and spreading awareness. We want others to know having a child with a bleeding disorder is often challenging but manageable and rewarding.

In addition to his physical health and self-esteem, we were anxious about his education, the challenges he might have in school, his potential, and employment prospects. What would his future hold? Our son made it through pre-school, through grade school, and now, through high school. Next up… college.

When Omar was about ten years old, I decided to pursue a Doctorate in Education with a concentration in Organizational Leadership. It wasn’t easy balancing family, a career, and studies, but behind me was a young man rooting for my success, and I had to be a good example for him.

Since we were living it every day, when it came to choosing a dissertation topic, I decided on “Resilience Among Parents of Children with Hemophilia.” The mixed-method study explored the resilient nature of parents and summarized their experiences. The participants addressed diagnoses, severity, nature of the disability, functional limitations, current services, and personal experiences of overcoming adversity, with each having a range of emotions on treatments and the prolonged and unpredictable nature of aftercare. The respondents described positive and negative impacts of caregiving, which included a greater appreciation for developing empathy, compassion, patience, inner strength, and new perspectives on life. They revealed their concerns regarding healthcare support, academic support, mental well-being, physical wellness, and economic challenges. They also shared their experiences on receiving education/awareness, faith reliance, self-care, and social support network. Their shared experiences offered a context to help better understand what parents go through.


Omar:

Growing up with hemophilia has made my life unpredictable by nature and often affects my well-being. Knowing a mishap can lead to dire health complications or permanent damage is a mental and physical battle. As I grew and matured, I learned to be more receptive to change with an understanding that my condition can lead to unforeseeable consequences. I have been in and out of wheelchairs, crutches, boots, and bandages. Although these issues have some control over my life, I have learned to adapt and become a responsible adult.

I tried to embrace high school and stay active, but it wasn’t always easy. I loved playing basketball but had to give it up. I tried cross-country, but my left ankle wasn’t having it. I did enjoy golf and I was also a member of the marching band playing the mellophone and French horn all four years. I even joined the American Sign Language Club. I was sometimes lonely but that has to do with being somewhat shy. The pandemic hit, and we lost almost two years of face-to-face learning; then due to ankle bleeds and medical appointments I missed a lot of school but was able to keep up with the work, and my grades were good.

Sometimes my health situation would really get me down. Being involved in the bleeding disorders community helped to keep me from spiraling. When I was 10, I began volunteering with my dad as a deejay; DJ Omar, as I am now known—donating my talents on the turntable and bringing music to a variety of events such as family education symposiums, dinners, and annual walks in Florida, New Jersey, and New York.

For me, volunteering is a great stress reducer and distracts me from the pain I experience at times. It fills my soul and leaves me with a warm, fuzzy feeling in my heart. It makes me happy. Through the years, my hemophilia community involvement has been instrumental in my quest for self-exploration and acceptance.

Creating connections and building relationships has allowed me an outlet to combat loneliness. Conversing with individuals in similar situations has taught me that growth and adaptation are critical to overcoming challenges. I genuinely embrace stories and knowledge of community members because our commonality embodies unity, strength, and resilience. As I progress to the next chapter of my life, I can attest the emotional struggles with my bleeding disorder have significantly declined.

I knew once I started college, I would need to be even more mindful, make smart decisions, always be aware of my surroundings, and take more personal care of  my hemophilia.


Milybet:

The day arrived when our assignments were marked, final exams taken, and studies completed. The ceremonies were huge, unforgettable moments for us as a family. Our family and friends supported us during our studies and shared in our celebration. Omar and I graduated three days apart, mine in Florida and Omar’s in New Jersey. What a fantastic, wonderful milestone to share with my baby boy!

Today I continue to work as a bilingual special education teacher in grades 5–8 in the subjects of English Language Arts and Math. In addition to planning, organizing, and assigning activities specific to each student’s abilities, I implement IEPs, assess each student’s performance, and track their progress. I collaborate with general education teachers, administration, and the Child Study Team. I represent the middle school on the Superintendent’s Council of Teachers and am a faculty advisor for the Junior Honor Society and also serve as a part-time professor at Rutgers University.

In my spare time, I am a meditation and mindfulness coach, a motivational speaker and patient advocate presenting at events across the country, and a volunteer and Walk emcee for the Hemophilia Association of New Jersey and the New York City Hemophilia Chapter.

My primary advice to others raising a child with a chronic condition is to learn how to cope, manage your emotions, and keep stress in check when your child is going through a rough patch—hemophilia or not. By managing my own emotions during any difficulty, my son and I can have greater well-being and a healthier state of mind. It is essential to manage your reaction to stress. Many studies have found children whose parents had high stress levels experienced poorer management of their health condition.


Omar:

With hard work, I applied, was accepted, and have been attending classes at Rutgers University. College has been my way of starting fresh, motivating me to work as hard as possible. During my first year I was very engaged in my classes and most of my time was focused on my schoolwork. I haven’t yet chosen a major, though I am more confident about the direction I want to go in and have it narrowed down between following in my mom’s special education footsteps or medicine. My experience has been great. There have been some challenges, but I have been able to navigate each one of them. It’s mainly been a matter of getting used to the subjects and materials and managing the workload.

My close friends are aware of my hemophilia. It isn’t something that I’m embarrassed by. If it comes up in conversation, I’ll gladly share information if the questions are respectful and considerate. Toward the end of my freshman year, I started to get more involved in school organizations and look forward to being involved in more when classes start back up.

For me, the most significant part of transitioning from high school to adulthood was to be more social. I embraced the opportunity to meet new people during my first year and was welcomed into the new environment. Another major part of this transition was being able to balance everything in my life. I can’t always be partying or playing video games. I recommend trying to be productive as soon as you possibly can.

As I progressed through the first year of college, I pursued some goals I’ve been wanting to achieve for a long time. I started going to the gym regularly and made sure to keep my infusion schedule consistent. This first year has also allowed me to explore other passions of mine that I otherwise wouldn’t have explored. I’ve been greatly interested in the world of filmmaking, and I’d like to learn more about it in the future.

Overall, I feel the key part to a smooth transition, especially if you have a bleeding disorder, is to have a supportive network of people, whether it’s family, friends, classmates, coworkers, professors, or advisors. Having trusted people to communicate your problems or concerns is a big part of making this life-changing transition easier.

Also, remember to contact the disability services at your college. Having your potential needs communicated with your professors through disability services, if and before they occur, is imperative.


Milybet and Omar - Our Advice:

  • When your graduation day arrives, take a moment to breathe and take it all in. Appreciate how far you’ve come—you deserve to celebrate. Let it all sync into your memory!

  • Remember that noone can ever take away your education. You own your school degree and work experiences.

  • Embarking on a new chapter of your life may feel as liberating as it is terrifying. Consider writing down your feelings and speaking with a loved one. Begin preparing for your next steps.

  • Work hard. Whether your next step is going to school or getting a job, give it all you’ve got. Be on time, study for your exams, and complete your work.

  • Learn to follow a budget. Understanding how to properly manage your money is a valuable skill that will help you throughout your life.

  • Follow a schedule, and learn to manage your time. Building this essential habit will increase productivity and punctuality. Whether learned or by nature, managing your time can get you far.

  • Don’t make excuses—own and learn from your mistakes.

  • Be open to change. Continue your education—learn about yourself, take up a new hobby, enroll in college or take a class or two on something you want to explore; pivot your career if you have an interest elsewhere.

  • Avoid comparing yourself with others at school or work. You are you. Create your unique path. Your only competition is with yourself. Be the best version of you, and don’t let anyone dim your light.

  • Don’t let a bleeding disorder stop you. You have the power to do amazing things!


Patient Navigation Program

Securing access to prescribed therapy, resolving insurance issues, and dealing with medically-related financial burdens represent some of the health system challenges faced by members of the bleeding disorders community. Our Patient Navigation Program is here to help!


DISCLAIMER: THIS IS NOT MEDICAL ADVICE. All information, content, and material is for informational purposes only and is not intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a qualified physician or healthcare provider. Please consult a physician or other health care professional for your specific health care and/or medical needs or concerns and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read here or on our website.


Stay informed on the latest trends in healthcare and specialty pharmacy.

Sign up for our monthly e-newsletter, BioMatrix Abstract.

By giving us your contact information and signing up to receive this content, you'll also be receiving marketing materials by email. You can unsubscribe at any time. We value your privacy. Our mailing list is private and will never be sold or shared with a third party. Review our Privacy Policy here.


Enhancing Transplant Patient Care: The Vital Role of Qualified Home Nursing Services in Home Infusion

An older white woman sits next to a smiling Asian nurse.

Home infusion therapy has transformed healthcare by allowing patients to receive treatment in the comfort of their own homes. For individuals undergoing organ transplant procedures, this plays a pivotal role in their recovery and ongoing care. Here we discuss how the success of home infusion, particularly for transplant patients, hinges significantly on the expertise and support provided by qualified home nursing services.


The Significance of Home Infusion for Transplant Patients

Transplant patients benefit from home infusion both before and after transplant. Before transplant, patients are dealing with chronic complications that have caused them to need a transplant. Getting their immune systems prepared can require timed medication therapies such as desensitization. Post-transplant, patients are at risk of infection because of immune-suppressing anti-rejection drugs and/or because they develop chronic or long-term conditions compromising their immune systems.

Hospitals and infusion centers can take every precaution available, yet in these environments patients still have the potential for exposure to bacteria or viruses they would likely not encounter in their homes. Home infusion provides a safe and effective means to help transplant patients manage their prescribed therapy. Patients can receive their medication in the secure and familiar environment of their own homes, administered by a clinically-trained infusion nurse. Benefits include safety, convenience, cost-savings, and patient well being. 


Challenges and the Need for Qualified Home Nursing Services

The complexity of post-transplant care demands meticulous attention and specialized knowledge. This is where qualified home nursing services come into play. These professionals bring a wealth of expertise providing personalized care, monitoring patients' health, administering medications, and offering vital guidance to patients and their families.

The expertise of qualified home nurses extends beyond administering medications. They serve as educators, ensuring that patients and their caregivers understand the treatment protocols, potential side effects, and the importance of adherence to prescribed regimens. Their vigilance in monitoring for any signs of complications or adverse reactions is crucial in preempting potential issues and ensuring timely interventions.


Extensive Vetting and Training

BioMatrix ensures a robust network of over 200 contracted nursing agencies nationwide, all meticulously vetted to align with Infusion Nurses Society guidelines. Similarly, individual home infusion nurses undergo a thorough assessment and preparation, including evaluations of their competency and detailed reviews of prescribed therapy. Prior to service, these nurses meet with BioMatrix nurse clinicians, ensuring a suitable match for the patient's needs. Should any nurse not meet their stringent competency standards, BioMatrix promptly reassigns the case to maintain their commitment to exceptional care.


Site-of-Care Coordination

We are well aware of how important it is for patients to avoid conflicts with work and other obligations. BioMatrix nurse clinicians aim to create plans that stay within the parameters of all protocols and instructions that their MD has ordered while causing the least possible disruption to patients' routines. When administering in-home with assistance from one of our home care nurses, our nurses work with patients and prescribers to make therapy administration as safe, convenient, and comfortable as possible. 


Safety Protocols and Clinical Interventions

All BioMatrix nurse professionals follow CDC guidelines for hygiene and germ reduction and help patients mitigate any issues to establish a safe environment for home infusion. When entering a patient’s home, the home infusion nurses follow all standard precautions and wear appropriate personal protective equipment. They also take the time to identify and review safety measures the patient can follow in the home both during and after infusion.

Following each home infusion, the home infusion nurse will submit a report to the BioMatrix clinical team to track response to therapy, monitor for adverse events, and help personalize and improve future care. By synthesizing clinical, social, and drug utilization information, our nursing team’s actionable interventions help improve health and save lives. Our interventions support patient adherence to therapy, reduce side effects, and help address both critical and every day issues related to life with a chronic health condition. 


Patient Education

We understand that starting a new therapy and navigating the treatment process can be challenging and confusing for a patient. Where appropriate, our nursing team provides self-administration training for injectable or infusible drugs, allowing patients to more independently manage their condition. Our nurses can also guide patients post administration to maintain therapy adherence, minimize or manage side effects, and answer questions that may arise throughout their treatment regimen.


The BioMatrix clinical team includes compassionate nurses who have extensive training and experience with rare diseases, infusion therapies, and complex medical conditions. 

Our nurses work together with patients, caregivers, pharmacists, and prescribers to coordinate the optimal site of care, conduct nursing interventions, and provide patient education.

Watch our video here to learn more about our home infusion services.


DISCLAIMER: THIS IS NOT MEDICAL OR LEGAL ADVICE. All information, content, and material is for informational purposes only and is not intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a qualified physician or healthcare provider or as legal advice. Please consult a physician or other health care professional for your specific health care and/or medical needs or concerns and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read here or on our website.


Financial Resource Guide

Living with a chronic condition can create additional healthcare costs while also impeding one’s ability to work. Our financial resource guide can help. 


Stay informed on the latest trends in healthcare and specialty pharmacy.

Sign up for our monthly e-newsletter, BioMatrix Abstract.

By giving us your contact information and signing up to receive this content, you'll also be receiving marketing materials by email. You can unsubscribe at any time. We value your privacy. Our mailing list is private and will never be sold or shared with a third party. Review our Privacy Policy here.


Moving Forward

By Julian Macdonald

A young white male leans back and sings passionately into a microphone.

When I was young, I lacked a dream to chase. My head was always in the clouds, without a goal on the horizon to pursue. My days were filled with school, television, and sleep. There weren’t a lot of things that piqued my interest.


My parents recognized my dilemma and tried to get me involved with any hobby or sport possible. As a result, I wore many hats as a child, painter, potter, and even a boy scout. However, it was a trip to the nearby local theatre that filled me with dread. I asked my dad to please call off the meeting with the director, but he wouldn’t. He was certain that he had found it for me: the spark. It brings me no joy to admit he was, in fact, right.

No matter how hard I tried not to enjoy performing, it intrigued me. I had found my home… my passion. Nothing makes me so excited or fulfilled as when I am singing on a stage. My first audition became the catalyst of many to come.

I didn’t have many problems pursuing theater as my life’s work - not stage fright, not passion, not even hemophilia. When it came to my bleeding disorder, I was fortunate. Although I have severe hemophilia A, I had not experienced a joint bleed or any extreme complication until I was in middle school. I did have an inhibitor at an early age, but after almost three years of immune tolerance therapy, my inhibitor was eradicated with no long-lasting effects.

I started becoming aware of how my condition might change how I am perceived by others. I learned it was common not to disclose one’s diagnosis of hemophilia to some people for fear of discrimination. It was important to keep that information confidential unless disclosure was necessary. Unfortunately, I did a remarkably terrible job of keeping it secret. As a kid, I experimented with the idea of making it a part of my social identity.

As I grew older, I was desperate to find somewhere I belonged. Hemophilia camp was that place for me. I didn’t know it at the time, but being around other people who dealt with the same condition I have was a critical part of finding myself. It helped me build confidence and understand how my body functioned on a practical level. At camp, I learned to self-infuse, thereby becoming entrusted with my own treatments. Three times a week on my own, I maintained my regular infusion schedule.

My teenage years were complicated. I became tired of the prophy treatments, and since I had not experienced any serious bleeds, I did not see the point in continuing to infuse nearly every other day since nothing bad ever happened. It became a battle every few days for me to even acknowledge my own disorder.

I enjoyed forgetting about it, but I was always reminded that I was not cured, just fortunate. I got to where I was learning my limits. I would neglect treatment and infuse when I felt a symptom begin to appear. I knew how long I could go without infusing and could sense when a bleed was about to happen. Playing this game, I thought I could do whatever I wanted and that I would never have any consequences. When something had been a part of my life for so long, it was hard to realize that it could complicate my future. Hemophilia was always there; why would it get worse?

I never thought about what a bleeding disorder might mean for my career or what might happen when I moved out on my own. It only takes one terrible bleed to change how active you can be, and in my line of work, mobility was the name of the game. It was just another thing I had not considered. In theatre, anything can go wrong. From mishaps on stage and demanding schedules to long hours of repetitive physical activity, my bleeding disorder could become problematic.

Moving out of my parent’s house and pursuing the last years of college led to a great deal of change, including a change of blood clotting product. The limits I had tested for myself became irrelevant. I had been on the same product for nearly twenty years, and I was still having issues maintaining a treatment schedule. New medication was uncharted territory. Initially it was not as effective and there were a great deal of mishaps, bleeds, and medical scares that I hadn’t experienced before.

Toward the end of my college career, I started to achieve meaningful growth as a person and a performer. I was offered my first professional opportunity in the theatre. I struggled for years trying to force myself out of mistreating my old medical routine and I knew my lack-of routine was unsustainable. If I was going to pursue my future, I had to confront what I had been running from: my own bleeding disorder. Pretending it did not exist was never going to secure my physical health, but regular medication would.

I still had issues keeping my hemophilia under control, but I was having more success with the new medication. It turned out being compliant with a treatment plan kept the symptoms at bay pretty effectively.

Having graduated college, I feel there are a great deal of possibilities open to me that were not before. As a full-time performer, I now find myself in a constant rehearsal cycle, and it is exhilarating. Through intense dance routines, long hours of movement, and still having the energy to be with friends, my disorder does not get in the way. 

I spend every day among accomplished professionals with the same devotion to their art the way that I have come to appreciate. In achieving compliance with my medication, I have found confidence I didn’t know I could have. 

My disorder hadn’t been getting in my way; it was me. The liberating part about actively confronting my diagnosis was that I could free myself of the obstacles that kept me subdued. Having a medical diagnosis was never something I could control, and I spent a long time running from it. However, I can take charge of my own future. It turns out a big part of that was as simple as a little discomfort and inconvenience in exchange for a world of possibilities.


Patient Navigation Program

Securing access to prescribed therapy, resolving insurance issues, and dealing with medically-related financial burdens represent some of the health system challenges faced by members of the bleeding disorders community. Our Patient Navigation Program is here to help!


DISCLAIMER: THIS IS NOT MEDICAL ADVICE. All information, content, and material is for informational purposes only and is not intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a qualified physician or healthcare provider. Please consult a physician or other health care professional for your specific health care and/or medical needs or concerns and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read here or on our website.


Stay informed on the latest trends in healthcare and specialty pharmacy.

Sign up for our monthly e-newsletter, BioMatrix Abstract.

By giving us your contact information and signing up to receive this content, you'll also be receiving marketing materials by email. You can unsubscribe at any time. We value your privacy. Our mailing list is private and will never be sold or shared with a third party. Review our Privacy Policy here.


Beyond the Swagger

By Felix “Swagger” Jacquez Garcia


Back in the day (pre-2000s), most adult community members with severe hemophilia had joint damage from lack of prompt treatment, perhaps an inhibitor, or the infamous hardheaded noncompliance from which some of us suffered. Though plenty of damage happened in wrists, elbows, and shoulders, it seems most of it was in weight-bearing joints – hips, knees and ankles. This resulted in many of us having an obvious limp. We accepted that limp and among our blood brothers found humor in it (call it a coping mechanism). We referred to it as the Hemo Swagger. 


In high school and before my first total knee replacement, I used a cane to get around. I owned that look like I bought it with a Visa card! I even had a couple of fancy tweed and felt hats to complete the haughty look. After healing from knee replacement surgery, it was hard for me to stop carrying the cane. The swagger was gone (at least for a while), and I didn’t need the help to walk, but my cane had been a part of me for such a long time, I struggled to leave it behind.

After high school, I got involved in the bleeding disorders community and quickly realized I wasn’t alone. The Hemo Swagger was a trademark look at every bleeding disorders event I attended! Hemophilia Federation of America even had T-shirts printed with the phrase “It’s not a Limp, it’s a Swagger!” You knew exactly who the blood brothers were by watching them walk from one meeting session to another.

Some of you with young children may feel the urge to feel sad for us about this, but please don’t. The sight literally would bring a smile to my face. I fit in like nowhere else, and that feeling brought me joy. I like to think most of us felt comfort seeing us together like that. Not that we wished pain and discomfort on anyone else – we certainly didn’t, but it brought us a sense of comfort and belonging to know we were not alone in the diagnosis and effects of having a rare bleeding disorder.

In the early 2000s, I began attending advisory board meetings for pharmaceutical companies. I had the opportunity to help influence manufacturers’ educational and marketing materials, the types of programs they sponsored, and even where they focused their research. I remember participating in a meeting and being asked what we saw for the future of hemophilia treatment. 

The two biggest hopes most participants had were treatment in pill form and treatment via subcutaneous injection. At the time, we were told by the experts that neither was realistic. However, the company thought a long-acting product might be the next big thing. For the sake of preserving veins and ensuring prophylactic routines, each of us agreed the improvement would be beneficial for our community. 

Fast forward a few more years, and the first long-acting product hit the market. Soon after, multiple products became available for both hemophilia A and B; treatment options have expanded to allow prophylaxis to become easier for most, and especially for the younger generations. This was the beginning of the decline of the swagger, which for all sorts of reasons, was not a bad thing. 

The evolution of treatment has brought more convenience, efficacy, and less intrusion into the lives of those with a bleeding disorder. This has resulted in increasing adherence to treatment plans and decreasing Annual Bleed Rates (ABR), making it harder to identify a person with a bleeding disorder just by their gait! 

Older guys like me have had surgeries and joint replacements, and many of us now walk with no or barely noticeable limps. The younger generation is faring even better with improved access to health care, new and improved factor products, and prophylactic care. A patient must no longer wait for a joint or muscle bleed to be out of control before receiving treatment.

I still smile when I look at our community gathering at meetings, but now it’s not the Hemo Swagger that makes me smile. It’s the fact we still come together as a community, we still find a commonality, and we still find joy and comradery in one another’s company. I hope future generations never have to experience life with a permanent hitch in their gait, but I am proud to have lived through the days when it was almost impossible to avoid. For those of you who may still have one or if you remember those days, we are family. May we ‘swagger’ together for years to come! 

If you are young and healthy enough to have hopefully avoided serious knee or ankle issues, be sure to thank a “veteran” blood brother or sister for paving the path. Our community fought hard for access to care, demanded better treatments, and pushed for all these new treatment technologies we enjoy today, and more coming in the future (I’m still pushing for a factor pill!).

And about my cane? Since my surgery and treatment have been successful, my cane is now used to shift the AC vent up and down. Don’t worry bleeding disorders family, our bond—whether visible or not—still runs deep through our veins. #HemoStrong


Patient Navigation Program

Securing access to prescribed therapy, resolving insurance issues, and dealing with medically-related financial burdens represent some of the health system challenges faced by members of the bleeding disorders community. Our Patient Navigation Program is here to help!


DISCLAIMER: THIS IS NOT MEDICAL ADVICE. All information, content, and material is for informational purposes only and is not intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a qualified physician or healthcare provider. Please consult a physician or other health care professional for your specific health care and/or medical needs or concerns and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read here or on our website.


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Pharmacy Benefit Managers: The Squeeze Is on the Health Care Middlemen

By Shelby Smoak, PhD


If you’ve been watching the news, you have likely heard some chatter about Congress investigating Pharmacy Benefit Managers (PBMs) and creating legislative bills to address concerns with PBMs. You may have also seen a frequent anti-PBM commercial where a patient tries to pick up her doctor–approved medication at a pharmacy. A man jumps in and takes it away, saying she can’t have that particular medication; that she will have to use another one. She then replies, “But you’re not my doctor.” But, he is her PBM...

What are PBMs? What do they do? And why is Congress investigating them? Let’s get started.


What is a PBM?

A pharmacy benefit manager, or PBM for short, is a third-party partner with a health insurance plan that provides prescription drug benefits to the plan members. PBMs function as an intermediary between the entities involved in getting prescription drugs from the manufacturer to the patient’s individual insurance plans.

PBMs create drug formularies, establish drug inclusions and exclusions, and institute specialty drug-cost tiers; they negotiate drug rebates, create pharmacy networks, and handle the claim billing, processing, and payment for drug benefits.


When did PBMs start?

PBMs began operating in the 1960s when they helped insurers control drug spending by using formularies and administering drug claims. Their role expanded slightly in the 1970s and 1980s. It wasn’t until the 1990s that PBMs began to change and expand more broadly. Initially, they were acquired by pharmaceutical companies, but the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) ended the practice, citing concerns over conflicts of interest.

Today, there are over 66 PBMs; however, the top three control almost 89% of the market. Many PBMs are also owned by an insurance provider, a position that echoes the FTC’s concerns expressed several decades ago.1


What does a PBM do?

PBMs work in the background on prescription drugs. They play no role in the physical distribution of drugs, but handle payment and rebate negotiations between the manufacturers, wholesalers, pharmacies, and insurance plans.1


Do I have a PBM?

Yes. If you have a health insurance plan, you have a PBM. In commercial plans, the PBM may be more controlling and restrictive, but even government plans like Medicare use a third-party PBM to help manage prescription drugs for their members.


Is my bleeding disorder medication impacted by a PBM?

Maybe. Historically, PBMs have not been involved in injectables like bleeding disorder medications because these drugs fell almost exclusively on the medical benefit side of insurance benefits and were thus immune from pharmacy claims. But recently, coverage for products to treat bleeding disorders has fallen under prescription drugs, and thus PBMs.

With that, PBMs have made inclusions and exclusions of certain hemophilia and VWD products on their drug formulary. If a VWD, hemophilia A or hemophilia B product is excluded by your PBM, they may not pay for that particular product and will likely intend for you to use another medication.

This means if you are a patient subscriber and your PBM does not support the bleeding disorder medication you are currently using or intend to start using, it may not be covered. Check with your health insurance plan and PBM for more information.


What about copay accumulator adjusters and copay maximizers? Are those part of PBMs?

Yes! Copay accumulator adjusters and copay maximizers are operated by PBMs. When the PBM institutes a copay accumulator, the money paid by manufacturer copay cards for your infusion brand product does not count towards your deductible and out-of-pocket but is instead absorbed by the PBM. You are still responsible for those out-of-pocket cost-sharing amounts.


PBM Investigation and the Law

Why is Congress investigating PBMs?

To answer that question, you must first understand how PBMs make their money.


How do PBMs make their money?

PBMs earn their money in three primary ways:1

  1. Through an administrative fee for their services

  2. Through “spread pricing,” which is the difference between what is paid to pharmacies and the negotiated payment to health plans.

  3. Through shared savings, which is the amount a PBM keeps from a discounted or rebated price from drug manufacturers.

PBMs also earn income by driving patients to in-house pharmacies or PBM-owned specialty pharmacies.


So then, why is Congress investigating PBMs?

According to testimony by a senior economics fellow, Karen Van Nuys, PhD, provided to the Senate Finance Committee this year, evidence shows that PBMs “leverage their position to extract profits in ways that are detrimental to patients, payers, and the drug innovation system more broadly.”

In other words, PBMs negotiate drug prices that are often more favorable (profitable) to themselves than more affordable for patients, and PBMs take money from the healthcare ecosystem that might be better served in drug development. Van Nuys also claims that PBMs increase drug costs and, as example, states that Medicare pays almost 21% more for the same drugs that can be purchased at Costco.2

Going back to how PBMs earn money, some economists argue that the structure inherently favors PBMs seeking a higher drug price from a manufacturer because they could then increase the rebate amount and thus increase the PBM’s earnings. Furthermore, as another testifier to Congress put it, “PBMs force manufacturers to raise their list price, in exchange for formulary placement.”3 Remember, PBMs include and exclude drugs from their formularies. If a PBM excludes a manufacturer’s drug, not only will patients lose access to that drug, but manufacturers would, necessarily, lose revenue from those potential drug sales.

Congress is investigating the truth of these matters and trying to answer the question: Do PBMs increase drug costs?


Are there any proposed legislative bills to address the PBM issue?

Yes, there are several proposed bills in Congress and the Senate. Here are a few:

HELP Copays Act (H.R. 830|S. 1375): “Help Ensure Lower Patient Copays Act”

Seeks to require any third-party payment, financial assistance, product discounts or vouchers, copay assistance or other reductions to apply to a patient’s out-of-pocket expenses.4,5

Patients Before Middlemen (PBM) Act: (S. 1967)

Seeks to prohibit PBM compensation based on the price of the drug as a condition of entering into a contract with Medicare Part D plan.6

Strengthening Pharmacy Access for Seniors Act (S. 2405):

Seeks to increase transparency measures on PBMs and provide seniors with additional options to fill their prescriptions. The bill would end limitations or restrictions that PBMs often place on certain medications without the PBM clarifying its reasoning.7

Pharmacy Benefit Manager Transparency Act of 2023 (H.R. 2816|S.127):

These bills would make “spread pricing” (charging the plan a different amount than the PBM reimburses the pharmacy) illegal and would end “clawbacking” reimbursement payments made to pharmacies.8,9 Pharmacies do not “pay” the PBM, the PBM “clawsback” or deducts paid claim funds directly from the pharmacy’s bank account often without notice and/or with questionable reasoning, often weeks or months later.

Health Care Price Transparency Act (H.R. 4822|S. 1130):

Aims to give transparency and access to pricing information on prescription drugs. Insurance plans must publish the in- and out-of-network charges for covered items and services and the negotiated prices for covered prescription drugs. Plans must provide a tool for consumers to search for this cost information.10,11

Hidden Fee Disclosure Act (H.R. 4508):

Requires that providers give patients transparent cost data from price comparisons before providing treatment. Aims to bolster requirements for PBMs to disclose compensation to plan sponsors and other fiduciaries.12


What’s going on in Florida regarding PBMs?

So glad you asked! Florida is the first state to pass legislation restricting PBM operations within the state. The bill increases oversight of PBM operations and stops a PBM from requiring patients to use an in-house or mail-order pharmacy also owned by the PBM. Its intent is to return business to local pharmacies.13


How is this going to affect me and my medication?

For the time being, nothing will change. Florida residents on state plans may see some differences next year through fewer restrictions and increased pharmacy choices for their prescriptions. The Congressional bills are yet in the future but can result in positive outcomes for patients should they gain support and become law.


What about the Federal Trade Commission (FTC)?

The Federal Trade Commission is also investigating PBMs for anti-competitive practices, the same issue that caused them to intervene in the 1990s with pharmaceutical manufacturers and their own PBMs. The six largest PBMs have been issued “compulsory orders.” These require those PBMs to provide information and records of their business practices.

The FTC has indicated it is seeking information on leveraging fees and clawbacks to non-affiliated pharmacies; steering patients to affiliated pharmacies; using opaque reimbursement methods; and negotiating rebates with pharma manufacturers that impact patient drug cost.

The FTC has also withdrawn its past letters of advocacy for PBMs and has deemed their past conclusions unreliable at this point. Basically, the FTC is saying that what they determined ten or more years ago about PBMs is no longer valid; they want to re-investigate PBMs and draw a more current conclusion regarding anti-competitive behavior.14


What can I do?

If you want to learn more about PBMs, reach out to the BioMatrix Education Team at education@biomatrixsprx.com. You can also contact your Congressional representatives in support.


Financial Resource Guide

Living with a chronic condition can create additional healthcare costs while also impeding one’s ability to work. Our financial resource guide can help. 


DISCLAIMER: THIS IS NOT MEDICAL ADVICE. All information, content, and material is for informational purposes only and is not intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a qualified physician or healthcare provider. Please consult a physician or other health care professional for your specific health care and/or medical needs or concerns and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read here or on our website.


Stay informed on the latest trends in healthcare and specialty pharmacy.

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References

  1. “Pharmacy Benefit Managers.” NAIC, 1 June 2023, content.naic.org/cipr-topics/pharmacy-benefitmanagers#:~:text=Background%3A%20When%20insurance%20companies%20began,formularies%20and%20administered%20drug%20claims.

  2. Van Nuys, Karen. “Testimony on Pharmacy Benefit Managers and the Prescription Drug Supply Chain.” USC Schaeffer, 31 Mar. 2023, healthpolicy.usc.edu/research/testimony-on-pharmacy-benefit-managers-and-the-prescription-drug-supply-chain/.

  3. Levitt, Jonathan. “Pharmacy Benefit Managers and the Prescription Drug Supply Chain: Impact on Patients and Taxpayers.” United States Senate Committee on Finance. 30 March 2023. https://www.finance.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/Jonathan%20Levitt%20Testimony%20US%20Senate%20Committee%20on%20Finance%20-%20Frier%20Levitt%20 %20March%202023_Redacted1.pdf

  4. Text of S. 1375: HELP Copays Act (Introduced version) - GovTrack.us. (n.d.). GovTrack.us. https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/118/s1375/text.

  5. Carter, Barragán, Miller-Meeks, and DeGette introduce bipartisan legislation to ensure copay assistance counts for patients. (2023, February 9). Congressman Buddy Carter. https://buddycarter.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=10927.

  6. Wyden, Crapo, Menendez, Blackburn, Tester and Marshall introduce bipartisan legislation to reform PBMs and bring down the cost of prescription drugs. (2023, June 14). https://www.finance.senate.gov/chairmans-news/wyden-crapo-menendez-blackburn-tester-and-marshall-introduce-bipartisan-legislation-to-reform-pbms-and-bring-down-the-cost-of-prescriptiondrugs#:~:text=The%20PBM%20Act%20would%3A,%2C%20rebates%2C%20or%20other%20fees.

  7. Thune introduces bill to increase transparency of the prescription drug supply chain. (n.d.). U.S. Senator John Thune. https://www.thune.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/2023/7/thune-introduces-bill-to-increase-transparency-of-the-prescription-drug-supply-chain

  8. Rep. Harshbarger Introduces the PBM Sunshine and Accountability Act. (2023, April 26). Representative Diana Harshbarger. https://harshbarger.house.gov/media/press-releases/rep-harshbarger-introduces-pbm-sunshine-and-accountability-act#:~:text=2816%2C%20the%20PBM%20Sunshine%20and,and%20value%2Dbased%20PBM%20choices.

  9. United States, Congress, Senate. “Pharmacy Benefit Transparency Act of 2023.” Congress.gov. https://www.congress.gov/bill/118th-congress/senate-bill/127#. 118th Congress. Senate Bill 127. Introduced Jan. 26, 2023.

  10. Rubin, J. (2023). Ways and Means Committee Approves Legislation Injecting Greater Transparency in Health Care Prices And Lowering Costs for Patients. House Committee on Ways and Means. https://waysandmeans.house.gov/ways-and-means-committee-approves-legislation-injecting-greater-transparency-in-health-care-prices-and-lowering-costs-for-patients/.

  11. United States, Congress, Senate. “Health Care Price Transparency Act.” https://www.congress.gov/bill/118th-congress/senate-bill/1130. 118th Congress. Senate Bill 1130. Introduced Mar. 30, 2023.

  12. McDermottPlus Check-Up: July 14, 2023 - McDermott+Consulting. (2023, July 14). McDermott+Consulting. https://www.mcdermottplus.com/blog/weekly-check-up/mcdermottplus-check-up-july-14-2023/.

  13. Morgan, Lewis and Eric P. Knowles. “Florida Enacts Long-Awaited PBM Transparency and Accountability Bill Into Law.” Frier Levitt Attorneys at Law. 11 May 2023. https://www.frierlevitt.com/articles/florida-enacts-long-awaited-pbm-transparency-and-accountability-bill-into-law/.

  14. FTC Deepens Inquiry into Prescription Drug Middlemen. (2023, May 17). Federal Trade Commission. https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/news/press-releases/2023/05/ftc-deepens-inquiry-prescription-drug-middlemen.

Navigating Life With Hemophilia

By Denise Ruiz


My journey of living with hemophilia is much the same as, yet different than most in our community. Being adopted at just two weeks old, my parents would not have known the reasons behind my ailments and struggles.


As a somewhat clumsy child, I often found myself covered with bumps and bruises; scrapes and scratches always bled much longer than my peers. In puberty, I often had to stay home from school as my menstrual cycles were unbearable with pain and excessive bleeding.

My husband, Jon, and I married in 2004. In July 2006, our first child, Jacob, was born in Washington State. When Jacob was six months old, I took him in for a routine well-baby visit where he received a heel stick. Being in the military, my husband was gone for training as he was scheduled for deployment to Iraq the next month. 

That night I put Jacob to bed as usual. When he woke in the early morning hours, I found his crib bedding covered in blood. Of course, I freaked out – just 22 years old, by myself, with a bleeding baby. Unfortunately, my husband was not able to come home.

At the hospital, the wait for an answer was excruciating. The doctor asked if I had ever been tested for hemophilia. In fact, I had never even heard of it before that moment. Sure enough, Jacob was diagnosed with severe factor IX deficiency. Terror set in, and I immediately began researching what it meant. I was alone and terrified, and it was just the beginning.

Since my husband was going to be gone for a while, we felt it would be best that I move near my parents in California to have help with the baby. My husband ended up being in Iraq for 15 months. I was very fortunate and grateful to have the support of my family during that time.

The following year, it was decided Jacob would have a port placed so he could begin factor replacement three times a week, which I learned to administer at home. For someone with severe hemophilia, I feel Jacob has had a fairly fortunate childhood. With dedicated prophylaxis, he has experienced only a handful of joint bleeds and just one hospitalization due to a fall down a set of stairs.

When Jacob was diagnosed, I was tested as well and found to have 27% factor IX level. The reason for my own symptoms throughout my childhood became clear. I now treat as needed and certainly for any medical procedures.

When Jacob was 4-years old, we welcomed our daughter, Cora – the first of three girls. Ava and Emma followed. Cora is diagnosed with mild factor IX deficiency and is a carrier. Ava and Emma are not affected. My fifth and last pregnancy resulted in the birth of our crazy, comical, wild-child, Brody! At the time, we were stationed in Hawaii, and Brody was born in May, just weeks after COVID-19 paralyzed our country.

Almost from the start, Brody did not fare as well as his older brother. Toward the end of my pregnancy, I was 37 years old and required stress tests twice a week due to my “advanced” age. My daughter broke her arm the night before my appointment, and let’s just say the stress test didn’t go very well. Immediately, I was sent to the hospital and induced. Though the nurses told us it would still be hours before the baby’s arrival, I knew differently. My husband rushed to get to the hospital, arriving just 10 minutes before Brody was born.

Brody’s birth went well; however, a week later, he began developing bruises from the slightest touch, such as his car seat buckle or just being held. He seemed to bruise just by looking at him. Seeing my little boy constantly so black-and-blue was devastating. We wanted to have a port placed, but COVID made everything more difficult. At the time, only children diagnosed with cancer were given clearance to have ports placed.

At Brody’s six-month well-baby medical appointment, he received three vaccinations, two in one thigh and one in the other. One of his legs swelled almost to the point of developing compartment syndrome. I rushed him to the clinic and insisted he be hospitalized. After two hours and several failed attempts, clotting factor was finally administered via a PIC line. It took more than six weeks for the swelling to finally subside and get his leg back to normal. Although we are not sure whether this severe bleed was the instigator, Brody continues to have issues with his hips.

Finally in June of 2020, he was able to have his long overdue port placed. Brody arrived for his surgery covered in bumps, bruises, and even some hematomas. The procedure went well; in short order, most of his bumps and bruises were gone or greatly diminished. Elation and a huge sense of relief settled in knowing I could administer his factor at home as I had been doing with Jacob for several years. Now four years later, Brody continues to do well with factor replacement and his port is holding steady. Jacob is 17 and self-infuses. His port was removed when he was eight years old.

Being a military family, we have moved 17 times in the past 19 years. Currently living in the Washington DC area, we have lived in California, Texas, Washington State, Hawaii, Georgia, and Alabama, moving back and forth to some of the same states. Constantly moving a family already provides many trials and tribulations – throw in a bleeding disorder, and the challenges grow exponentially, especially when having to establish access to care with each move.

I am truly thankful for many of the relationships and friendships we have been blessed to have over the years. I will always be grateful for the Hawaii Chapter, National Hemophilia Foundation for their support; for Ziggy Douglas, the chapter’s executive director who is no longer with us, for taking our family under his wing and for Donna Garner, BioMatrix Patient Care Coordinator, who has seen us through 17 years of moving and access-to-care hurdles. Donna has been our “constant” in all hours of the day and night, from when we lost the ONE bag that could NOT be lost (Jacob’s supply bag) and the countless times someone was hurt and needed extra factor sent ASAP, to just being our support and dear friend through it all.

My husband’s retirement is the light at the end of the moving tunnel. The plan is to leave the military in spring of 2024. We aren’t sure what the future will hold for us, but the message we would like to share is that we know being well-informed and having support is vital to survival in navigating the ever-changing world of living with a bleeding disorder.


Patient Navigation Program

Securing access to prescribed therapy, resolving insurance issues, and dealing with medically-related financial burdens represent some of the health system challenges faced by members of the bleeding disorders community. Our Patient Navigation Program is here to help!


DISCLAIMER: THIS IS NOT MEDICAL ADVICE. All information, content, and material is for informational purposes only and is not intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a qualified physician or healthcare provider. Please consult a physician or other health care professional for your specific health care and/or medical needs or concerns and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read here or on our website.


Stay informed on the latest trends in healthcare and specialty pharmacy.

Sign up for our monthly e-newsletter, BioMatrix Abstract.

By giving us your contact information and signing up to receive this content, you'll also be receiving marketing materials by email. You can unsubscribe at any time. We value your privacy. Our mailing list is private and will never be sold or shared with a third party. Review our Privacy Policy here.


The Royal Disease

By Justin Lindhorst and Maria Santucci Vetter


For the first time in more than 70 years, the British monarchy crowned a new king. Prince Charles takes the place of his mother, Queen Elizabeth, who passed away at age 96 on September 8th, 2022. With Prince Charles’ crowning ceremony taking place last May, we thought this would be a great time to revisit the Royal Family and how it was affected by hemophilia.


Queen Victoria

Until the reign of modern-day Queen Elizabeth, Queen Victoria had the longest reign of any female monarch in history. Her sovereignty entered a time that saw progress and growth in nearly every aspect of society. From industry and science to culture and politics, her rule ushered in an era that would later bear her name, Victoria. Taking the throne at age of eighteen and ruling for sixty-four years, Queen Victoria is perhaps one of the most iconic figures in the history of the British monarchy.

Under Victoria, the British Empire rose to become a leading global power. One way the monarchy sought to secure political alliances came through strategic marriages between the ruling royal families. Queen Victoria became known as The Grandmother of Europe as some of her nine children and 42 grandchildren married into royal families across the continent. It was through these marriages that Victoria not only secured political clout, but such practice was also the cause for the passing of a condition the royal monarchy often tried to hide, hemophilia. As carrier of hemophilia, Queen Victoria inadvertently spread the condition from the United Kingdom to the royal houses of Germany, Spain, and Russia. The line of princes with hemophilia in Europe led to the bleeding disorder being coined as The Royal Disease.

Though they lived lavish courtly lifestyles, life for Victoria’s descendants with hemophilia was not easy. At a time when doctors knew little about the condition, there was not much a family could do for their affected children. Though great care was taken to protect the princes, unfortunately, many did not live to see adulthood. The following is an account of The Royal Disease as found in some of the major ruling monarchies of Europe.


The United Kingdom

Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany

Leopold, Victoria’s eighth of nine children, was born at Buckingham Palace. Of four sons, he was the only one with hemophilia. The condition caused Victoria much anxiety, prompting her to keep the prince close to her side. He was followed in permanent attendance by several physicians. Victoria thought it was unnecessary for him to leave the home and even encouraged him not to marry or have children.

Unable to pursue a military career because of his condition, Leopold enrolled in the Christ Church, Oxford University, where he studied a wide variety of subjects. He earned an honorary law degree and became a patron of the arts and literature while serving as his mother’s unofficial secretary.

Despite his mother’s wishes, Leopold sought marriage and considered it his only hope for independence. His health condition caused some difficulty in finding a wife. After several rejections, Leopold eventually married Princess Helen of Waldeck and Pyrmont, a member of the German royal family. Though their marriage was brief, the couple was happy and gave birth to a daughter, Alice, Countess of Athlone, and a son, Charles Edward.

Due to joint pain associated with his hemophilia, the winter months were always difficult for Prince Leopold. In February 1884, while his wife was pregnant with their son, Leopold was encouraged by his physician to spend time in the warmer climate of Cannes, France. Just weeks later, while in Cannes, Prince Leopold suffered a fall, injuring his knee and hitting his head. He passed away early the next morning from a combination of a cerebral hemorrhage and a fatal mixture of pain medications.

Prince Rupert of Teck

Prince Rupert was the son of Prince Leopold’s daughter, Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone. Like his grandfather, he had hemophilia. Rupert was a serious and studious young man and attended Eton and Trinity Colleges at Cambridge University. While traveling in Bellevue-sur-Saone, France, Rupert was in a car accident where he suffered a slight skull fracture. Prince Rupert passed away five days later, just a few days before his 21st birthday.

Hemophilia in the royal family did not end with the princes most closely tied to the British Royal Family. Queen Victoria passed the hemophilia gene to two of her four daughters, both of whom gave birth to sons with the bleeding disorder, and one also had two daughters who were carriers.


Germany

Hemophilia found its way to the German Empire with the marriages of Queen Victoria’s daughters, Princess Beatrice of Battenberg and Princess Alice, Grand Duchess, to German suitors. Beatrice had two boys with the condition, Leopold and Maurice. Princess Alice had six children, including one son, Prince Frederick, with hemophilia and two daughters, Princess Irene and Princess Alice, who were carriers of hemophilia. Irene would go on to have two affected sons, Prince Waldemar and Prince Henry.

Prince Leopold Mountbatten

Lord Leopold is the son of Princess Beatrice and Prince Henry of Battenberg. He served in the King’s Royal Rifle Corps, where he attained the rank of Major. Leopold was also a member of the Knights of the Royal Victorian Order and the Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order. At age 32, due to repeated bleeding episodes into his hip, Lord Leopold required surgery and passed away during the procedure.

Prince Maurice of Battenberg

Prince Maurice, Leopold’s brother and the youngest son of Beatrice and Henry, was educated at Lockers Park Prep School. He went on to attend the well-known Wellington College. Like his brother, Maurice volunteered in the King’s Royal Rifle Corps. As a Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order and a Lieutenant in the rifle corps, Maurice bravely served in World War I. At age 23, he was mortally wounded at the First Battle of Ypres in 1914 and died on the battlefield.

Prince Friedrich of Hesse

Prince Friedrich was born to Princess Alice, daughter of Queen Victoria. Grandson of the queen, Friedrich or ‘Frittie’ as the family often called him, was an active, cheerful child. He was diagnosed with hemophilia in February of 1873 after a cut on his ear bled for three days. Three months later while playing with his younger brother, Frittie climbed onto a chair in his mother’s bedroom to get a better view from a window. After accidentally tipping the chair, he fell through the window. Though he survived the twenty-foot drop, he died hours later from a brain hemorrhage at the tender age of two. Princess Alice never recovered from her loss.

Prince Waldemar of Prussia

Princess Irene of Hess, the daughter of Princess Alice, Grand Duchess, had three children. The oldest and youngest were diagnosed with hemophilia. The family was devastated the “Royal Disease” had shown up in the ruling Prussian family with the birth of their first son, Prince Waldemar of Prussia. Although the condition caused Irene much anxiety, Prince Waldemar lived into his fifties, unlike many of his relatives. He married Princess Calixta of Lippe-Biesterfeld in August 1919, and even though they had a happy marriage, they decided against having children.

Waldemar lived to see a time when treatment for hemophilia saw some improvement. Doctors discovered that an infusion of blood from a healthy patient could help stop the bleeding in people with hemophilia. As such, Waldemar received blood transfusions to control his bleeding episodes. During World War II, he and his wife fled the Russian advance and arrived injured and exhausted in Tutzing, Bavaria, where Waldemar received his last blood transfusion. Not long after arriving in the city, the American Army took control of the area and sent all available medical resources to treat the concentration camp victims. At a medical clinic, but without access to blood transfusions, Waldemar bled internally and passed away.

Prince Heinrich of Prussia

Also born to Princess Irene of Hesse, Prince Heinrich was the youngest brother of Prince Waldemar, and also diagnosed with hemophilia. Heinrich climbed up on a table and fell. Although the fall itself was not all that far, the young boy had fallen headfirst. Just four years old, Heinrich died the following day from the resulting brain hemorrhage. The entire family was shattered.


Russia

Princess Alice, Grand Duchess, had another daughter, Alexandra of Hesse, who married Tsar Nicholas II Romanov of Russia. They would go on to have five children – one of whom would come to be considered the most famous of all the royals affected by hemophilia. Tsarevich Nikolaevich Alexei of Russia was the great-grandson of Queen Victoria.

Tsarevich Nikolaevich Alexei

After having four daughters, it was an extremely joyous occasion for the Romanovs when Alexei was born. Being the first son, Alexei was in line to become the next Tsar and leader of the Russian Empire. As the only male heir to the throne, the family was distraught when after the umbilical cord was cut, his navel continued to bleed for hours, indicating the young prince had hemophilia.

Alexei was very spoiled, prone to mischief, had a temper and was often difficult to control. An extremely active child, he was prohibited from playing too roughly and from activities as riding a bike, playing tennis or horseback riding. He was lonely but for his sisters as he wasn’t often allowed to play with other children. Two Imperial Navy sailors were appointed to watch over and keep him out of trouble, but they were not always able to do so.

As the center of attention in his family, when Alexei felt well, the entire house was happy. When he suffered a bleeding episode, everyone suffered with him. He was prone to spending weeks in bed in severe pain and had suffered many near-death bleeding episodes. Yet, Alexei grew to become a much better-behaved, good-natured, considerate and sensitive young teen.

So severe was Alexei’s hemophilia, Alexandra and Nicholas devoted much of their time and energy to seeing that he was taken care of. They came to rely on the services of Grigori Rasputin, a Russian mystic and self-proclaimed holy man, who was able to help Alexei through his painful bleeding episodes. No one knows exactly how Rasputin was able to mend the young Tsarevich’s bleeding episodes. It is speculated he prevented physicians and caretakers from manipulating Alexei’s body too much and used a combination of hypnosis, herbs, or as some believed, “supernatural healing powers” to ease the boy’s pain.

Alexei’s hemophilia often took his parent’s attention away from governing. Their reliance and close connections with Rasputin spurred much gossip and discontent. The country was already plagued with political and social unrest. A series of bloody revolutions took place that would ultimately put the communist Bolsheviks in power. Arrested in the Russian Revolution of 1917, Alexei and his family were forced to live as captives.

In July of 1918, the family was tragically and systematically executed by the Bolsheviks to ensure a counter-revolution could not rally around the former rulers of Russia. Alexei and his family were eventually canonized as “passion bearers” in the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad. 

The remains of Alexei and one of his sisters, believed to be Maria (although it might have been Anastasia), were discovered in 2007. DNA tests conducted in 2009 revealed that in addition to confirming the factor IX deficiency diagnosis, Maria was a carrier. This correlates with a report that at 15-years old, Maria bled excessively when having her tonsils removed. It is unknown if any of the other sisters were carriers since their remains were incinerated.


Spain

Hemophilia would find its way into the ruling royal Spanish family by Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg, the daughter of Princess Beatrice and granddaughter of Queen Victoria. Victoria Eugenie became the Queen of Spain when she married King Alfonso XIII. Including the heir to the throne, two of their seven children were diagnosed with hemophilia. It was reported that the marriage was unhappy with the king never forgiving his wife for bringing hemophilia into the royal bloodline, and they later separated.

Alfonso, Prince of Asturias

Queen Victoria’s great grandson, Alfonso was born to Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg and her husband King Alfonso XIII. As their first-born son, Alfonso was the heir-apparent to the throne of Spain. It was discovered he had hemophilia at the time of his circumcision. Alfonso and his younger brother, Infante Gonzalo, were fitted with special jackets that were made to help prevent bleeding episodes.

Political upheaval left the Spanish monarchy largely defunct as the country moved to become a republic and in 1931, the monarchy was abolished. In 1933, Alfonso renounced his right to the defunct throne to marry a Cuban commoner having met her at a hospital in Switzerland where he was being treated for his hemophilia. He would later divorce, marry another commoner and divorce again. Alfonso did not have children with either wife.

At age 31, while being driven by a friend in Miami, Florida, the car swerved to avoid a truck and crashed into a telephone booth. Although his injuries were thought to be minor at the time, he suffered fatal internal bleeding and passed away. Initially buried in Miami, Alfonso was re-entombed in 1995 at The Pantheon of the Princes in El Escorial, Spain.

Infante Gonzalo of Spain

Another great-grandson of Queen Victoria, Infante Gonzalo was the youngest child of King Alfonso and Queen Eugenie. The final name in his title included “Mauricio” in honor of Prince Mauricio, his uncle with hemophilia who had been killed in World War I. During his life, it was not widely known that Gonzalo had hemophilia. Though he suffered hemophilia-related health issues, he was an avid sportsman, attended the Catholic University of Leuven to study engineering and held rank as a private in the Spanish Army.

In 1934 while spending the summer holiday in Austria with family, Gonzalo was out for a ride with his sister. To avoid hitting a cyclist, his sister swerved and crashed into a wall. Like his brother, Alfonso, who would perish in a car accident four years later, Gonzalo suffered no visible injuries right after the accident; however, hours later, it was discovered he was experiencing a severe abdominal bleed. Gonzalo passed away just two days later at age 19.


One day, Olga, Tsarevich Alexei’s sister, found the ten-year old prince gazing up at the sky. When she asked what he was doing, he replied, “I like to think and wonder…I enjoy the sun and the beauty of summer as long as I can. Who knows whether one of these days I shall be prevented from doing it.” The royal princes born with The Royal Disease” faced struggles largely unknown to our bleeding disorders community today.

Though the ruling monarchies of Europe often attempted to minimize the appearance of hemophilia in their families to the public, privately, great measures were taken to learn about and treat the bleeding disorder. They commissioned the finest physicians of the time to attend to their children. Increased attention from doctors brought about awareness and new literature regarding hemophilia.

The late 1800s saw a huge increase in the number of publications focused on hemophilia, shedding light and paving the way for future physicians to advance treatment. Though their struggles were great, the status of the princes with hemophilia helped drive research and bring attention to The Royal Disease. Since the death of Prince Alfonso in 1938, there remain no living descendants with hemophilia or known carriers in the royal family.

It is speculated that treatment for hemophilia would not have advanced as quickly were it not for the royal princes who suffered from the condition. Their stories are compelling and prompt us, as young Alexei, to think and wonder…


Patient Navigation Program

Securing access to prescribed therapy, resolving insurance issues, and dealing with medically-related financial burdens represent some of the health system challenges faced by members of the bleeding disorders community. Our Patient Navigation Program is here to help!


DISCLAIMER: THIS IS NOT MEDICAL ADVICE. All information, content, and material is for informational purposes only and is not intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a qualified physician or healthcare provider. Please consult a physician or other health care professional for your specific health care and/or medical needs or concerns and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read here or on our website.


Stay informed on the latest trends in healthcare and specialty pharmacy.

Sign up for our monthly e-newsletter, BioMatrix Abstract.

By giving us your contact information and signing up to receive this content, you'll also be receiving marketing materials by email. You can unsubscribe at any time. We value your privacy. Our mailing list is private and will never be sold or shared with a third party. Review our Privacy Policy here.


How One Young Man Made a Difference on World Hemophilia Day

By Shelia Biljes

World Hemophilia Day

World Hemophilia Day has been celebrated on April 17 every year since 1989 when it was started by the World Federation of Hemophilia (WFH). The date was chosen since it is the birthday of Frank Schnabel, the founder of WFH. The campaign is designed to increase the understanding and awareness of hemophilia and is celebrated by wearing the color red.


Each year, World Hemophilia Day highlights a different theme. The theme this year was Access for All: Prevention of Bleeds as a Global Standard of Care. The theme encourages bleeding disorder community members around the world to advocate at the local and national level. Global priorities include improving treatment access, controlling bleeds, and expanding coverage for prophylactic treatment.

On this special day, I have found that my biggest heroes come in tiny packages! Benjamin, a first grader diagnosed with severe hemophilia B, is an example of why I find this statement so true. He wanted to do something big on World Hemophilia Day to help spread awareness and education of hemophilia.

Benjamin encouraged everyone, students, teachers, and staff, to wear red on World Hemophilia Day. His mom, Stephanie, wrote an amazing description of hemophilia that was posted on the school’s Facebook page along with the invitation to wear red. Benjamin’s devoted big sister, Evelyn, a third grader at the same school, joined in spreading inspiration and education.

Every child who wore red received a pencil and a card that Benjamin and Evelyn worked for hours preparing. It was a big hit! Approximately 300 students showed their support by donning red attire!

Benjamin invited me to the school to celebrate the event with his family, and I met Principal Kelli Corell. My pride for him is overwhelming! Congratulations to this fine young man on his impressive act to advocate, spread awareness, and share information about hemophilia!


DISCLAIMER: THIS IS NOT MEDICAL ADVICE. All information, content, and material is for informational purposes only and is not intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a qualified physician or healthcare provider. Please consult a physician or other health care professional for your specific health care and/or medical needs or concerns and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read here or on our website.


Stay informed on the latest trends in healthcare and specialty pharmacy.

Sign up for our monthly e-newsletter, BioMatrix Abstract.

By giving us your contact information and signing up to receive this content, you'll also be receiving marketing materials by email. You can unsubscribe at any time. We value your privacy. Our mailing list is private and will never be sold or shared with a third party. Review our Privacy Policy here.


Transitioning: The Independence of Self-Infusion


Transitioning from parent-assisted or clinical infusion to self-infusion can be a significant step toward independence for patients with a bleeding disorder. Self-infusing may help patients feel more in control of their bleeding disorder.


Some things to consider when transitioning are:

  • Age and maturity

  • Motor skills

  • Training 


Age and Maturity 

Some children begin to practice infusing (or assisting in the infusion process) as early as kindergarten. Most children can help with “pushing their factor” and can often tape the gauze on the infusion site by school age. Consider finding ways to have your child participate in the infusion process. As the child grows older, allow them to be more involved in the process and play a bigger role in the infusion. 

By the end of elementary school, it is ideal to have your child fully assisting in the process. Many children at this age can identify an appropriate vein for infusing and may also be ready to participate with the venipuncture. By middle school, it is beneficial for your child to be able to perform the self-infusion, whether under supervision or independently.


Motor Skills

Not all children develop equivalent fine motor skills at the same time. Your child’s ability to self-infuse very much depends on their fine motor skills. Typically by middle school, children can be trained to use a tourniquet, use an alcohol wipe to clean the infusion area, hold gauze, and apply tape or a bandage. Using a needle to infuse intravenously is a fine motor skill requiring training and practice. Encourage your child to practice under supervision. Treatment centers, bleeding disorder organizations, healthcare companies, and specialty pharmacies often hold self-infusion clinics or learning sessions. Encourage participation in such medically supervised events as it facilitates the self-infusion process under proper guidance.


Training

Whether for an adult or a child, self-infusion training should be conducted by a medical professional. There are many progressive ideas and helpful hints to help a person excel at infusing a loved one or self-infusion. As one becomes more adept at performing an infusion, preferences and techniques will develop. Be sure to practice safely, use caution, and follow your medical provider’s recommendations.


Home Infusion Steps and Helpful Tips

Even those very experienced in self-infusion sometimes miss a vein. For those living with a bleeding disorder on factor replacement therapy, this 3-page guide provides steps for successful home infusion. The guide also provides helpful tips for infusing a child.


Patient Navigation Program

Securing access to prescribed therapy, resolving insurance issues, and dealing with medically-related financial burdens represent some of the health system challenges faced by members of the bleeding disorders community. Our Patient Navigation Program is here to help!


DISCLAIMER: THIS IS NOT MEDICAL ADVICE. All information, content, and material is for informational purposes only and is not intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a qualified physician or healthcare provider. Please consult a physician or other health care professional for your specific health care and/or medical needs or concerns and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read here or on our website.


Stay informed on the latest trends in healthcare and specialty pharmacy.

Sign up for our monthly e-newsletter, BioMatrix Abstract.

By giving us your contact information and signing up to receive this content, you'll also be receiving marketing materials by email. You can unsubscribe at any time. We value your privacy. Our mailing list is private and will never be sold or shared with a third party. Review our Privacy Policy here.


Transitioning to the Care of Another: A Guide to Help Transition Your Child to the Care of Another


Parents of children with a bleeding disorder may feel tethered to their child. It can be exhausting trying to explain all the details needed to care for them to another person. Because of this, some parents feel they can never leave their child’s side or that no one else can provide proper care for him or her. Lack of trust in others and feelings of being trapped can often take a toll, creating a significant amount of tension for families.

Transitioning the care of your child to another person (family member, babysitter, daycare, etc.) may cause stress if you’re not fully prepared. However, if you plan ahead and set an action plan in motion, a smooth and safe transition can take place, which may result in reduced stress!


Based on experiences from members of the bleeding disorders community, using these steps as a resource may help reduce stress during transition.

Steps for Transition

  1. Assess needs

  2. Review treatment plans and medical scenarios—train your caregiver

  3. Understand when hovering is too much


Assess needs

If your child is recently diagnosed with a bleeding disorder, review with your HTC or clinician his or her potential needs. Some items to consider:

  • Does your child wear a helmet or other protective gear?

  • Is your child limited in his/her physical ability?

  • Are you able to treat your child before leaving him/her in the care of another or will the caregiver need to administer medication?

  • Are there restrictions to what your child can or cannot do while in care of another?

A family offers this example: “My daughter uses factor weekly, and I administer it prior to her being in the care of another. Although she doesn’t have physical limitations, when leaving her in the care of another, I do not want her wrestling, playing contact sports, etc. I still leave my caregiver with a treatment plan scenario just in case!”


Review Treatment Plans

Depending on your child’s severity, your treatment plan scenario may be adjusted. 

Examples of what to include:

  • What to do in the case of a bloody nose

  • What to do if the child falls

  • What to do if the child hits their head

With each of these potential events, have a scenario planned, which almost always includes calling the parent and using RICE (Rest, Ice, Compress, and Elevate).

Parents of a more severely affected child may need to train their caregiver in the administration of factor if their dosing calls for more frequent treatment. In this case, ask a couple caregivers to consider going through the “self-infusion” protocol to learn how to administer your child’s medication.


Understand When Hovering Is Too Much

“What?! I’m a hemo-parent, there is no such thing as too much hovering!” some parents will say. While many parents may identify with this, there is such a thing as too much hovering. Over time, trust builds as you leave your child in the care of another. Though it may be tough at first, hopefully you will eventually feel you can release your anxieties and stop calling the sitter every half hour. After realizing your caregiver follows your instructions and protocols as well as checks-in with you regularly, your anxieties will likely lessen. When you’re able to control the hovering, your child may begin to understand his or her condition is manageable. Your child may also feel less stress and fear—what a wonderful thought that is!

A mom shares, “I’ll confess that my hovering is sporadic. I hover right after a major-medical incident, and I hover during transition (to elementary school, to self-infusion, to high school, and even to college).”

Though as concerned parents we may have an inclination to hover, it’s emotionally and mentally beneficial to parents and children to recognize the tendency and control the urge.


Home Infusion Steps and Helpful Tips

Even those very experienced in self-infusion sometimes miss a vein. For those living with a bleeding disorder on factor replacement therapy, this 3-page guide provides steps for successful home infusion. The guide also provides helpful tips for infusing a child.


Patient Navigation Program

Securing access to prescribed therapy, resolving insurance issues, and dealing with medically-related financial burdens represent some of the health system challenges faced by members of the bleeding disorders community. Our Patient Navigation Program is here to help!


DISCLAIMER: THIS IS NOT MEDICAL ADVICE. All information, content, and material is for informational purposes only and is not intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a qualified physician or healthcare provider. Please consult a physician or other health care professional for your specific health care and/or medical needs or concerns and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read here or on our website.


Stay informed on the latest trends in healthcare and specialty pharmacy.

Sign up for our monthly e-newsletter, BioMatrix Abstract.

By giving us your contact information and signing up to receive this content, you'll also be receiving marketing materials by email. You can unsubscribe at any time. We value your privacy. Our mailing list is private and will never be sold or shared with a third party. Review our Privacy Policy here.


Transitioning: The High School Know-How—A Guide to Help Your Child Transition to High School


The transition to high school is a nerve-wracking time for most teens. New school, new schedule, new teachers, and new friends may create anxiety and nervousness for both students and parents. When you add a bleeding disorder into the mix, it can be downright frightening—if you’re not prepared! This article will help ensure proper steps are being taken to help your child with a bleeding disorder transition to school with ease.


  1. Contact the School Counselor

  2. Continue or Establish a 504 Plan

  3. Contact the School Nurse

  4. Discussion or In-service with School Personnel

Whether you communicate with the various school personnel by phone, email, or face-to-face, be sure to document your discussions in writing. Keep a log of meetings with dates, times, subject matter, and results of meetings for future references.


1. Contact the School Counselor

Speak with the school counselor to discuss the potential impact your student’s medical condition and anticipated absences may have on their education. Discuss how past absences have affected your child and what can be done to minimize the effects. If your child has a 504 Plan, include modifications pertaining to multiple classes, and make sure all teachers are made aware.


2. Continue or Implement a 504 Plan

If a 504 Plan is not yet in place, establish a plan to address absences, makeup work, the inclusion of extra time to compensate for missed instruction related to illness, extra travel time between classes when needed, and any additional educational accommodations required. Your child’s doctor’s office should be able to fill out the medical paperwork needed to initiate the 504 Plan. It is important to consider implementing a 504 Plan regardless of whether your child ever actually needs the accommodations.


3. Contact the School Nurse

Contact the school nurse to discuss your child’s medical condition. Provide the school a letter (written on letterhead) from the child’s physician or medical team explaining the following:

  • Medical condition

  • Medication and ancillary storage needs

  • Instructions for care

  • Infusion protocol, if the child is to self-infuse
    at school

  • Emergency protocol, including whom to contact

If infusing at school, discuss with the nurse where your child can infuse and what assistance they may need.

Keep in mind not all nurses are familiar with infusion protocol, so it is important to review the steps with them in advance.


4. In-Person Discussion with School Personnel

Accommodations will vary from student to student and as each individual student Invite all school personnel who may interact with your child including teachers, counselor, nurse, administrators, etc. Discuss your desired plans for various scenarios, including bleed protocol. Inform those involved of what to do should a medical situation or medical emergency arise. Explain the need for your child to have freedom of action should he or she deem necessary.


Home Infusion Steps and Helpful Tips

Even those very experienced in self-infusion sometimes miss a vein. For those living with a bleeding disorder on factor replacement therapy, this 3-page guide provides steps for successful home infusion. The guide also provides helpful tips for infusing a child.


Patient Navigation Program

Securing access to prescribed therapy, resolving insurance issues, and dealing with medically-related financial burdens represent some of the health system challenges faced by members of the bleeding disorders community. Our Patient Navigation Program is here to help!


DISCLAIMER: THIS IS NOT MEDICAL ADVICE. All information, content, and material is for informational purposes only and is not intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a qualified physician or healthcare provider. Please consult a physician or other health care professional for your specific health care and/or medical needs or concerns and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read here or on our website.


Stay informed on the latest trends in healthcare and specialty pharmacy.

Sign up for our monthly e-newsletter, BioMatrix Abstract.

By giving us your contact information and signing up to receive this content, you'll also be receiving marketing materials by email. You can unsubscribe at any time. We value your privacy. Our mailing list is private and will never be sold or shared with a third party. Review our Privacy Policy here.


Educational Series: 504 Plans


Plain and simple… all children deserve, and in our country, are entitled to an education. As part of a child’s right to an education, public schools are required by law to meet the needs of every child, including children with special needs. A 504 Plan helps support a child’s educational needs.

The difficulties of living with a chronic, rare, life-threatening disease or disorder are troubling enough without having to worry about its influence on education. Having a plan in place ahead of time can reduce challenges that may negatively impact a child’s education. The purpose of this educational series is to provide an overview of the 504 Plan and share information on its importance, function, and implementation.


What is a 504 Plan?

A 504 Plan is in reference to section 504 of the federal Rehabilitation Act of 1973. It is a federal anti-discrimination civil rights statute specifically stating no person with a disability can be excluded from participating in federally funded programs or activities including elementary, secondary, or post-secondary education; specifically, “…any person who has a physical or mental impairment which substantially limits one or more major life activities, has a record of such an impairment, or is regarded as having such an impairment.” A 504 Plan details the modifications necessary for students to have the opportunity to perform at the same level as their non-affected peers. 

A 504 Plan may be useful for a child with a bleeding disorder as it can provide modifications for occupational therapy, physical education, and playground time, especially during bleeding episodes or other issues individual to each child. Typically, 504 Plans are used when a child does not have a learning impairment, i.e. autism, Asperger’s syndrome, dyslexia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, or other difficulty that impedes learning.


Implementing and Renewing a 504 Plan

A 504 Plan should be implemented before a child enters the public school system or within a few weeks, but can be initiated at any time. A full evaluation should take place a minimum of every 3 years or when a significant change has taken place (i.e. entering middle or high school). While nothing determines the termination date of a 504 Plan, it is very important to review it annually even if the child has not used the safeguard modifications included. Reviewing it annually with school personnel ensures accommodations will continue without having to begin the entire process again.

Even if a student has an accommodating teacher or attends a school a parent is sure will do “what is right” for the child, it is advised that a 504 Plan still be put into place as a safeguard. 

Often, public colleges and universities honor existing Section 504 Plan accommodations. The Disability Resource Center at institutions of higher learning will use these recommendations to help affected students set in place safeguards for their education, especially as it pertains to absences when taking “for credit” classes. 


504 Plan Qualifications

A qualifying student would be age 3 to 22, with an impairment, whether obvious or not, that may have been caused by illness, injury, communicable diseases, chronic or life-threatening illness, learning impairment, or disability who are entitled to educational support under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) of 1973 (modified into ADA). Qualifying diseases are not listed—only that a physical and/or mental disability limiting one or more of life’s major activities may qualify a child. 

School personnel will review a variety of sources to make a determination, which may include teacher reports, school administered tests, past grades, attendance records, medical reports, observation, and information from parents. 504 Plans are enforceable only at public education institutes, but other institutes may choose to abide by the guidelines and accommodations as well. 


Accommodations 

Accommodations will vary from student to student and as each individual student progresses through the grades. As much as possible, the child will be kept in regular classrooms rather than in a special class.

Common accommodations include: 

  • Extended time on tests, assignments, and post absence make-up work 

  • Class notes to be provided post-absence

  • Home services/supplements if the absences extend beyond 2 consecutive school days

  • Visual, verbal, or technology aids 

  • Extra travel time between classes

  • Extra set of text books for home use

  • Adjusted class schedule, grading, and homework requirements 

  • Preferential seating 

  • Adjustments to physical education class, elective school sports, and playground time 

  • Occupational or physical therapy


504 Plan Referral

A referral is all that is needed to establish a 504 Plan. In most states, a referral directly from a parent is acceptable; however, for a smoother process, obtain referral or recommendation notes from the child’s doctor, nurse, or clinician whenever possible. Typically, the referral is provided to the school counselor, but may also be submitted to the school nurse or child’s teacher. Medical documentation is not always needed, but prepare to share the following information:

  • Diagnosis

  • Schedule of doctor visits and any hospitalizations in the past year

  • School attendance records for the past year

  • A list of potential or foreseeable issues

  • A list of requested accommodations


Home Infusion Steps and Helpful Tips

Even those very experienced in self-infusion sometimes miss a vein. For those living with a bleeding disorder on factor replacement therapy, this 3-page guide provides steps for successful home infusion. The guide also provides helpful tips for infusing a child.


Patient Navigation Program

Securing access to prescribed therapy, resolving insurance issues, and dealing with medically-related financial burdens represent some of the health system challenges faced by members of the bleeding disorders community. Our Patient Navigation Program is here to help!


DISCLAIMER: THIS IS NOT MEDICAL ADVICE. All information, content, and material is for informational purposes only and is not intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a qualified physician or healthcare provider. Please consult a physician or other health care professional for your specific health care and/or medical needs or concerns and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read here or on our website.


Stay informed on the latest trends in healthcare and specialty pharmacy.

Sign up for our monthly e-newsletter, BioMatrix Abstract.

By giving us your contact information and signing up to receive this content, you'll also be receiving marketing materials by email. You can unsubscribe at any time. We value your privacy. Our mailing list is private and will never be sold or shared with a third party. Review our Privacy Policy here.


Asesoramiento del Paciente en el Área de Farmacia de Especialidades

By Shelby Smoak, Ph.D. & Justin Lindhorst, MBA


La comunidad de trastornos sanguíneos ha soportado durante mucho tiempo desafíos relacionados con el sistema de salud. Al asistir a la universidad a principio de la década de los 2000, obtuve mi primera póliza de seguro médico privada ofrecida a los estudiantes que asisten a la universidad. Después de intentar ordenar factor, me contactaron y me dijeron que mi póliza incluía exclusiones por condiciones preexistentes y que tendría que esperar un año antes de que el plan cubriera mi medicamento.

Después de un año agotador de pasar por muchos obstáculos para mantener el acceso a los medicamentos que me salvaron la vida, finalmente hice mi primer pedido de factor a través de mi compañía de seguros. Seis meses después de eso, llegué al "máximo de por vida" del plan y me vi obligado a buscar cobertura en otro lugar. Antes de la aprobación de la Ley del Cuidado de Salud a Bajo Precio, el máximo por vida y las exclusiones por condiciones preexistentes eran algunos de los principales obstáculos relacionados con el sistema de salud que experimentaban los miembros de la comunidad de trastornos sanguíneos. Hoy en día, la terapia escalonada, los acumuladores de copagos y los altos gastos por cuenta propia amenazan o retrasan nuestro acceso a las terapias prescritas. El hecho es que las personas con condiciones de salud crónicas, como la hemofilia y la VWD, enfrentan una variedad de desafíos al navegar por nuestro fragmentado sistema de atención médica. Los programas de asesoramiento del paciente pueden ayudar.


Patient navigation has been defined as, “Individualized assistance offered to patients, families, and caregivers to help overcome health care system barriers and facilitate timely access to quality health and psychosocial care.”1 Patient Navigators are peer, non-medical, and medical professionals who assist patients to coordinate support across the health system which can include education, removing financial and other barriers to care, assisting with insurance coverage, facilitating access to community resources, and providing emotional support.2 Research indicates patient navigation services using peer, medical, or non-medical staff are effective at resolving health-system barriers and result in improved outcomes and increased patient satisfaction.3

Within the last decades, our understanding around the positive impacts of patient navigation programs has grown. Witnessing the various forms it can take and the many different professionals who give patient navigation a voice, patient navigation continues to be a sound way to close the gaps in healthcare access and, as researchers in Cancer put it, “a strategy to improve outcomes.”4 The goal of patient navigation has remained steadfast: “to facilitate timely access for all [emphasis added] to quality standard care in a culturally sensitive manner.”5

The reality for patients is that accessing prescribed specialty therapy is challenging. Given that eighty-two percent of surveyed patients reported delays in accessing meds, a clear problem exists.6 Over half of pharmacists surveyed indicated spending 1-2 hours with patients, especially when it involves complex medications.7 An article in Journal of the National Medical Association calculated an even higher average of 2.5 hours per patient spent helping individuals reduce barriers to care.8 Today, chief among these delays are insurance issues and costs associated with medications. Pharmacies have observed these obstacles and witnessed the fragmentation of the healthcare system into compartments that do not always work well together. To reduce disruptions in treatment access, specialty pharmacies like BioMatrix are embracing patient navigation as the next evolution in high touch patient care.

Sometimes a little emotional support can go a long way. Emotional support provided by patient navigators can bolster patients as they overcome barriers. Relationship-building thus forms another root in the success of patient navigation programs. As one researcher notes, relationships between patient and navigator influenced the outcome, adding, “The process of [patient navigation] has at its core relationship-building and instrumental assistance.”9 The success of patient navigation is shown to also depend upon the people involved. A study which examined a broad mix of patient navigation programs concluded, “The type of navigator used was not found to affect patient outcomes.” The programs studied utilized lay persons, nurses, clinicians, and physicians and indicated that the ability at relationship-building was the key factor for a patient’s success. “A common theme in each of these studies,” the authors write, “was the need for emotional or social support from the navigator.10

Patient navigation programs have proven themselves as a gateway to improved outcomes. Patients are also being more proactive and seeking avenues to gain the access to care; ninety percent of those surveyed said exactly that.11 BioMatrix has assembled a team of caring experts with years of bleeding disorder specific experience in insurance processing, social work, and education to help patients successfully resolve health system, nonclinical barriers to care. These services are offered at no cost and are available to any member of the bleeding disorder community regardless of product, pharmacy affiliation, or insurance coverage. We welcome patients to contact us so we can work together to reduce and overcome barriers to care.


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References

  1. Blackley, K., Burriss, H., Cantril, C., Kline R., Pratt-Chapman M., Rocque G., Rohan, E., Shulman, L. (2019). Patient navigation in cancer: The business case to support clinical needs. Journal of Oncology Practice. 15,11 585-590. DOI: 10.1200/JOP.19.00230

  2. McBrien KA., Ivers N., Barnieh L., Bailey JJ., Lorenzetti DL., Nicholas D., Tonelli M., Hemmelgarn B., Lewanczuk R., Edwards A., Braun T., Manns B. (2018). Patient navigators for people with chronic disease: A systematic review. PLoS One. 2018 Feb 20;13(2):e0191980. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191980.

  3. Meade CD., Wells KJ., Arevalo M, Calcano ER., Rivera M, Sarmiento Y., Freeman HP., Roetzheim RG. Lay navigator model for impacting cancer health disparities. (2014). Journal of Cancer Education. 2014 Sep;29(3):449-57. doi: 10.1007/s13187-014-0640-z.

  4. Freedman, Harold M., and Rian L. Rodriguez. “History and Principles of Patient Navigation.” Cancer. 10 July 2011. https://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/cncr.26262

  5. Freeman, Harold M. “The Origin, Evolution, and Principles of Patient Navigation.” Cancer, Epidemiology, Biomarkers, and Prevention. 21.10 (2012). https://aacrjournals.org/cebp/article/21/10/1614/69026/The-Origin-Evolution-and-Principles-of-Patient

  6. Cover My Meds. “2022 Medication Access Guide.” PDF

  7. IBID.

  8. Lin, Chyongchiou J., et. al. “Factors Associated with Patient Navigators’ Time Spent on Reducing Barriers to Cancer Treatment.” Journal of the National Medical Association. 110.11 (2008). https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0027968415315078

  9. Jean-Pierre, Pascal., et al. “Understanding the Processes of Patient Navigation to Reduce Disparities in Cancer Care: Perspectives of Trained Patient Navigators From the Field.” Journal of Cancer Education. April 2010. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13187-010-0122-x

  10. McVay, Sheri., et. al. “The Effect of Different Types of Navigators on Patient Outcomes.” Journal of Oncology. April 2014. https://www.jons-online.com/jons-categories?view=article&artid=3665:the-effect-of-different-types-of-navigators-on-patient-outcomes&catid=18

  11. Cover My Meds. “2022 Medication Access Guide.” PDF

The College Send-Off: A Guide for a Smoother Transition


You have raised your child to adulthood, helped them through school, and now are preparing them for college. You helped with application and admissions, bought all the dorm room supplies, and set them up on a dining plan.

You feel confident you prepared them to manage their bleeding disorder. They’re ready for an independent life, but are they really ready? Do you both know where their medication will be shipped, or where to dispose of supplies post infusion? What happens if a medical incident prevents attendance in a credit-bearing class with a mandatory attendance rule? Does the school have parking options if the child has mobility issues? Even the most prepared parents might need an overview of some of the things to prepare for when sending your child with a bleeding disorder off to college.


1. Contact the Hemophilia Treatment Center, Hematologist or Physician

Ask the physician for a letter explaining your child’s medical condition and its potential impact on education. The note should also explain that due to the patient’s condition, medication must be kept readily on hand and in some cases, at a controlled temperature. The student may need use of a refrigerator in their dorm room for the sole purpose of storing medical products.


2. Contact Student Housing (On Campus Housing)

Contact the student housing manager to let them know that a student with a chronic medical condition is coming to live on campus. Ask what documentation needs to be presented to allow the student to keep medication and supplies on hand. Be certain you document (via email or fax) the housing manager with whom you spoke. Be sure to follow up 30 days prior to the start of school and within a day or two of the student moving into the dorms. 


3. Contact the Student Health Center

The providers at the Student Health Center will be the first line of defense in a medical situation. A basic bump, bruise, slip, or fall may not be a big deal to other students, but may present a bigger problem for a student with a bleeding disorder. By contacting the Student Health Center, you can provide an overview of bleeding disorders and protocols as it pertains to your student’s bleeding disorder.


4. Contact the Surrounding Medical Providers 

Locate healthcare providers near campus that may have some experience with bleeding disorders. Contact the identified providers ahead of time to make introductions and familiarize them with your student’s history and bleeding disorder needs.


5. Contact Shipping and Receiving 

Contact campus shipping and receiving for their policies and procedures for receiving packages on campus. Identify the process for your student’s campus, and request modifications for medication deliveries, if needed.


6. Work with the HTC or Hematologist and Partner with Industry for an In-Service

When a student goes to college, they are separated from their customary support system. They no longer have someone who has been trained to support, help find the vein, or assist in mixing their dose when needed. It’s important for the student to find a person they’re comfortable disclosing their medical condition with and to develop a new support system. Often, HTCs or homecare and specialty pharmacies can conduct a short in-service to teach bleeding disorder basics and the role of a patient’s support system. Once the student determines with whom they’re comfortable disclosing their condition, it might help to schedule a session.


7. Does Your Child Have Educational Accommodations (504 Plan)?

A 504 Plan for health impairment is enforceable in federally funded educational settings for students, ages 3-22. If your student had a 504 Plan for their bleeding disorder in high school, it can most likely be implemented in college, especially if they attend a state college or university. Don’t wait until absences have caused them to drop or fail a class. Schedule a meeting with the school’s Disability Resource Center (DRC) to discuss the student’s current 504 Plan.


Home Infusion Steps and Helpful Tips

Even those very experienced in self-infusion sometimes miss a vein. For those living with a bleeding disorder on factor replacement therapy, this 3-page guide provides steps for successful home infusion. The guide also provides helpful tips for infusing a child.


Patient Navigation Program

Securing access to prescribed therapy, resolving insurance issues, and dealing with medically-related financial burdens represent some of the health system challenges faced by members of the bleeding disorders community. Our Patient Navigation Program is here to help!


DISCLAIMER: THIS IS NOT MEDICAL ADVICE. All information, content, and material is for informational purposes only and is not intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a qualified physician or healthcare provider. Please consult a physician or other health care professional for your specific health care and/or medical needs or concerns and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read here or on our website.


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Transitioning: Heading to School—A Guide to Help Transition Your Child to School


The transition to school for any parent may be a stressful time. For a parent of a child with a bleeding disorder, the stress and challenges are multiplied. This guide was created to help families avoid potential obstacles and create a school environment where their child with a bleeding disorder can excel.


  1. Have a Medical Plan in Place

  2. Meet with the School Nurse

  3. Contact the School Counselor

  4. Implement a 504 Plan

  5. Meet with Educators and Administrators

  6. Advocate for Your Child


1. Have a Medical Plan in Place

Having a medical plan in place can help the school nurses and teachers care for your child and keep him or her safe. Nose bleeds, bruising, hard bumps and falls, and head injuries are a few of the issues that may need to be addressed throughout the school year. Your child’s medical plan should include details such as who to contact and procedures for each incident. For example, Johnny falls on the playground hitting his knee, resulting in bruising. Protocol may include sending the child to the school nurse for evaluation (accompanied by another student or adult), immediately implementing RICE (rest, ice, compression, and elevation of the impacted area), calling the parents, and potentially initiating an infusion (if the student can self-infuse). Medical plans and procedures should be reviewed in person with the school staff and modified as often as needed, both verbally and in writing.


2. Meet with the School Nurse

Prior to meeting with the school nurse, obtain an official letter from your child’s physician or treatment center. The document should be on official letterhead and signed by the physician or member of the child’s medical team. Contents should include treatment protocol, emergency contact phone numbers, specific instructions regarding the child’s care, storage instructions for an emergency dose of factor, all needed ancillaries, a list of additional medications, and storage requirements. Provide a treatment protocol including whether the child is to self-infuse.

Arrange to meet with the school nurse to review the physician’s treatment protocol. Provide a “kit” and package all needed items together. The kit can then be quickly accessed in the event of an emergency at school.


3. Contact the School Counselor

Arrange a meeting to discuss your child’s bleeding disorder relative to school performance and emotional well-being with the school counselor or psychologist. The discussion should include how to treat bleeding episodes, chronic or episodic pain, class tardiness, or how being absent may impact his or her education. Discuss initiating a 504 Plan for the student, if one is not already in place.


4. Implement a 504 Plan

“A 504 Plan is a plan developed to ensure a child who has a disability identified under the law and is attending an elementary or secondary educational institution receives accommodations that will ensure their academic success and access to the learning environment.”*

A 504 is available to students, ages 3-22, who attend a school that receives federal funding (i.e. public school, universities, and colleges) and who has one or more life activities impacted by a qualifying health impairment. Physicians and parents alike may refer their child for a 504 evaluation. The child’s physician or medical team is required to submit medical forms verifying the student’s condition is considered chronic, qualifying him or her for a 504. Include specifics in the 504 such as how excess absences will be handled, the inclusion of extra time allocated to compensate for missed instruction, missed class work and homework, copies of notes, extra textbooks, as well as additional educational accommodations needed. 

Do not hesitate to put a 504 in place for your child. The 504 protects the student’s educational integrity given their medical condition. This does not categorize your child as “special education student” rather it protects his or her educational interest under similar protections from the Office of Civil Rights and specifically the American’s with Disabilities Amendment Act. Even if your child NEVER uses the 504 accommodations, it is best to repeatedly renew annually to avoid any disruption in the documentation process should your child ever need the accommodations.


5. Meet with Educators and Administrators

Request a meeting with all persons who will interact with your child to discuss your desired plans for various scenarios. All steps and protocols should be discussed in a face-to-face meeting as well as documented in writing. Be sure to keep a log of meetings for reference.


6. Advocate for Your Child

Sending your child to school can be a nerve-wracking event. Being prepared can help alleviate the anxiety and stress of this step in your child’s life. Please use this document as guidance for preparedness. You are your child’s best advocate; however, if you find yourself in need of assistance or information, please feel free to reach out and ask questions! We are with you every step of
the way!


Home Infusion Steps and Helpful Tips

Even those very experienced in self-infusion sometimes miss a vein. For those living with a bleeding disorder on factor replacement therapy, this 3-page guide provides steps for successful home infusion. The guide also provides helpful tips for infusing a child.


Patient Navigation Program

Securing access to prescribed therapy, resolving insurance issues, and dealing with medically-related financial burdens represent some of the health system challenges faced by members of the bleeding disorders community. Our Patient Navigation Program is here to help!


DISCLAIMER: THIS IS NOT MEDICAL ADVICE. All information, content, and material is for informational purposes only and is not intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a qualified physician or healthcare provider. Please consult a physician or other health care professional for your specific health care and/or medical needs or concerns and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read here or on our website.


Stay informed on the latest trends in healthcare and specialty pharmacy.

Sign up for our monthly e-newsletter, BioMatrix Abstract.

By giving us your contact information and signing up to receive this content, you'll also be receiving marketing materials by email. You can unsubscribe at any time. We value your privacy. Our mailing list is private and will never be sold or shared with a third party. Review our Privacy Policy here.


*Source for 504 Plan can be found at: http://www.washington.edu/doit/what-difference-between-iep-and-504-plan.  Site accessed on 5/31/17.


The Coalition for Hemophilia B 17th Annual Symposium

By Michelle Stielper and Tina McMullen


It really is SO fantastic to “B” together as no event encapsulates this feeling more every year than The Coalition for Hemophilia B Symposium. The 17th Annual Symposium took place March 16th–19th at the Renaissance Orlando at SeaWorld. The Coalition team pulls out all the stops when it comes to making an event feel like a family reunion. New families are embraced from the start and quickly find a home among their fellow hemophilia B community members.


Programming offered something for everyone from the young to the young at heart; Tai Chi classes, massages, medical talks, programming discussing emerging therapies, and men’s and women’s breakout sessions all brought the B community together while programming for the youngsters and teens was pure magic. New friends were made, and existing friendships were nourished and flourished as the kids got crafty, had their face painted, made origami, hung out in the teen lounge, or went offsite for an airboat ride at Wild Florida Airboats, Gator and Safari Park.

BioMatrix Regional Care Coordinator, Shelia Biljes, led two sewing sessions co-sponsored by Medexus Pharma. Participants - pure beginners and master sewers alike - were welcome to share their personal journeys as they quilted beautiful tote bags as a keepsake of their special time together. Christian Harris, our B community fashion designer extraordinaire and Medexus speaker, discussed his path through the fashion industry, and how he created a line of clothing inspired by his personal journey with a bleeding disorder. The finished B bags Shelia helped participants make were marvelous, and everyone did a sensational job!

The entire event was energy-filled and buzzing with activity, and the BioMatrix booth was a busy beehive. BioMatrix Director of Advocacy and Education, Terry Rice, emceed rousing rounds of Jeopardy in a battle of points between the guys and the gals. The gals won last year; the guys won this year. Prepare for a 2024 tie breaker!

At the booth we had information about our newly launched Patient Navigation Program, which can provide valuable assistance for families facing insurance obstacles and financial challenges to care. In addition to offering different promo items each day, we held raffles at the booth for a treasure chest gift basket and a beautiful, quilted table runner (thank you, Shelia!) to complement the bee-themed tote bag. Congratulations to our raffle winners!

We cannot forget to tell everyone about the final night party – a fabulous time spent making wonderful memories! The Bleeders band, featuring BioMatrix’s very own “Doc of Rock” Shelby Smoak, played great tunes and brought the house down during dinner. Dancing and singing ringing throughout the evening in the atrium of the Renaissance. Everyone had a blast spending one last night together before heading home. It’s always hard to say goodbye to our dear B’s, but here’s to another year! Before we know it, we will B together again!


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NHF Washington Days Advocating on the Hill


Advocates in the bleeding disorders community descended upon our nation’s capital March 8–10 to create awareness and press for better legislation against copay accumulator adjustors. This was part of the National Hemophilia Foundation’s Washington Days, an event which had stalled during COVID and was virtual in 2022. This was the first full return of face-to-face advocacy with Congress in several years.


A top advocacy issue this year involved asking House Members to cosponsor H.R. 830, the HELP Copays Act. This act would require all copays (regardless of who contributes) to count towards a person’s out-of-pocket maximum. Sixteen states and Puerto Rico currently have laws restricting an insurer’s use of a copay accumulator adjustor, a policy where dollars provided by a third-party source (such as a manufacturer drug copay card) do not apply toward a patient’s out-of-pocket amount. However, those laws only protect patients on those state’s plans. The legislation would offer protection for people on employer–sponsored retirement and health plans, also known as ERISA plans, or large group plans.

Another advocacy issue included asking for continued funding of programs supported through NIH, CDC, and HRSA. NIH (The National Institutes of Health) is currently investigating the rise of inhibitors within the bleeding disorders community; the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) provides funding to HTCs (Hemophilia Treatment Centers) for outreach and education; and HRSA (Health Resources and Services Administration) supports ancillary services within the HTC setting like physical therapy and social work. A reduction of these funds would negatively impact the current level of care persons with a bleeding disorder receive and would have consequences in the future as inhibitors and other issues become understudied.

After NHF training and a role-playing exercise to demonstrate the “Do’s and Don’ts” of meeting with elected officials, the advocates felt prepared. The Advocacy Day began with a speech from Representative Earl “Buddy” Carter (R-GA-01) who is sponsoring H.R. 830, the bill the group was there to support. With his words of encouragement, the advocates headed out to descend upon the Capitol and meet with elected officials. Several BioMatrix members were there to support the advocacy efforts.

Richard Vogel with Team New Jersey was busy with five Congressional meetings. Starting with a visit to the office of Senator Robert Menendez (D-NJ), advocates seamlessly interwove their stories into a cohesive narrative which started with the younger generation, moved on to women with bleeding disorders, and then concluded with those who have reached retirement age. New Jersey was fortunate to have with them for their advocacy Stephanie Lapidow, Executive Director and Amy LaPorta, Office Manager of Hemophilia Association of New Jersey.

Senator Menendez has been very supportive of bleeding disorder issues in the past; he sponsored the Hemophilia Skilled Nursing Facilities Access Act (H.R. 5952, 116th Congress). Team New Jersey is hopeful he will introduce the companion legislation to the HELP Copays Act in the Senate, another bipartisan bill.

The team next went to the office of Senator Cory Booker (D-NJ). On the House side, the team met with Representatives Josh Gottheimer (D-NJ 05), Mikie Sherrill (D-NJ-11), and Bonnie Watson-Coleman (D-NJ-12), the latter already a cosponsor of H.R. 830. In their offices, the legislative aides expressed empathy and interest in supporting the cause.

For the full Capitol experience, the team was lucky enough to get passes to the House Gallery where they were able to watch democracy in action.

Shelby Smoak attended as an advocate for Virginia. He and Brenda Bordelon, fellow constituent and Chapter Director of Hemophilia Association of the Capitol Area, met with Representative Ben Cline (R-VA-06). The meeting was spirited, and Representative Cline seemed especially interested in H.R. 830 and the CDC funding, the latter of direct importance since he sits on the House Appropriations Committee which is responsible for making funding determinations.

Representatives Rob Wittman (R-VA-01) and Morgan Griffith (R-VA-09) made time for staff to hear stories from the community and were asked to support our cause. On the Senate side, the offices of both Virginia Senators Tim Kaine (D-VA) and Mark Warner (D-VA) were receptive to the financial burdens endured by the community as explained by our group. They both took pride in being Senators from the state which was the very first to pass a copay accumulator ban.

Felix Jaquez Garcia from New Mexico, teamed up with members from Puerto Rico to support them at their meeting with Representative Jenniffer González-Colón (R) of Puerto Rico. She was very receptive and immediately jumped in to work with the Puerto Rico chapter to protect access to HTCs.

In his meeting with Senator Ben Ray Luján’s (D-NM) staff, Felix was optimistic the Senator would sign on as a cosponsor to ban copay accumulators should a bill be introduced. Felix also connected with the staffer from Senator Heinrich’s (D-NM) office, who also was willing to support a copay accumulator ban.

In the office of Representative Gabriel Vasquez (D-NM-02), the meeting with his staffer was productive as well as they were in support of the NHF initiatives.

Justin Lindhorst and Dave Burgeson attended from the state of Florida. Team Florida included nine advocates determined to help lawmakers understand the unique needs of the bleeding disorders community. While all five offices visited listened attentively to the concerns, the greatest victory came when meeting with Representative Bill Posey (R-FL-08). Rep. Posey was so inspired by the story shared by his constituents, he agreed on the spot to support H.R. 830 as a cosponsor. Congratulations to advocates Heather and Samantha for so eloquently sharing their story and securing support for the HELP Copays Act.

Terry Rice and two other constituents from Maine added their numbers to a larger New England contingency and made numerous congressional visits. Their first home state visit was with Senator Susan Collins (R-ME). Senator Collins listened to the concerns regarding access to affordable lifesaving prescriptions and the effect copay accumulators are having on patients and families living with a chronic illness that must be treated with expensive name brand medications that have no generic alternatives. She was supportive in finding a solution to deal with the accumulator adjustors, which have been crippling the financial and physical health of affected individuals and asked to be kept informed with the progress of H.R. 830 should a Senate companion bill be introduced. As the Ranking Member on the Senate Appropriations Committee, Senator Collins expressed support to continue HRSA and CDC funding of HTCs.

The team also met with Senator Angus King’s (I-ME) office. Senator King’s legislative assistant shared he has type-1 diabetes and was very aware of the detrimental effects of accumulator adjustors. He felt the Senator would support legislation to address the issue and was confident he would continue to support HTC level funding.

On the House side, the team left information with Representative Jared Golden (D-ME-02) and were able to meet with the legislative health aide to Representative Chellie Pingree (D-ME-01) who cosponsored accumulator adjustor legislation in previous years and would again cosponsor H.R. 830. The aide assured Representative Pingree would support continued HTC funding.

The meetings with the House and Senate offices set in motion the narrative of the burden our bleeding disorders community bears: financially, mentally, and necessarily, physically. To all the advocates from the nearly 50 states who joined the advocacy efforts, we say thank you! And to NHF, we also say thank you for organizing this energy on the Hill and aiding the community voices to be heard.

As nuanced as everyone’s experience is of living with hemophilia, von Willebrand, or another factor deficiency – people with a bleeding disorder endure the costs of medications and the need for the protection H.R. 830 would grant; and even if not seen at an HTC, everyone benefits from the funding and support granted by our national institutions: NIH, CDC, and HRSA.

Real change has come from the efforts of NHF Washington Days Advocacy and hopefully, community members who shared their stories this year will impact further positive changes for the bleeding disorders community.


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Camp Warren Jyrch Celebrates 50 Years!

By John Thorson – Longtime Camp Volunteer


Bleeding Disorders Alliance Illinois Camp Warren Jyrch (CWJ) is celebrating a golden anniversary! Fifty years of summer camp began in 1973 when at the time, the Illinois chapter went by the name of Hemophilia Foundation of Illinois. The camp was named to honor Warren C. Jyrch (1921-1971) of Chicago, the first person with hemophilia to undergo and survive open-heart surgery to replace a valve. The surgery was extremely risky with 2400 pints of blood used during the operation.


Through the years, there have been a lot of changes, but many things have remained constant. One area that has seen changes in the past 50 years is the variety of treatment options. Back then, patients spent a significant time in hospitals recovering from bleeding episodes and orthopedic issues. They missed a lot of school and opportunities to bond with other kids. For some young patients, their primary friendships were with hospital staff.

Today’s medical advancements and treatment options allow kids with a bleeding disorder to rarely miss school. Most often, they can participate in all sorts of physical activities like rock climbing, cycling, running, and sports such as baseball, basketball and volleyball, to name a few.

Fifty years ago, communication with affected families was through a tethered phone line or a stamped letter. It wasn’t always easy to make announcements about camp or request information from families. Even getting to camp involved maps and directions rather than an address easily plugged into a GPS. Today our ability to communicate is instant and helps to offer a more positive outlook on managing a bleeding disorder.

In those times, only boys were thought to have hemophilia. Girls were not invited to camp. Siblings weren’t invited either. Today we have a better understanding of how girls are affected by bleeding disorders, especially as more than carriers, and are now included. We also better understand how a bleeding disorder diagnosis affects the whole family, so siblings are also invited to share the camp experience.

Despite the challenges of those days, it was deemed important enough to gather this group of young patients for a week every summer with the purpose of socializing, bonding, and feeling less isolated with their medical conditions. And so CWJ was started. Over the years, we have learned to overcome obstacles and have adapted to many changes. We continue to look toward the future and move forward.

Camp was founded to give boys with hemophilia an opportunity to be with others just like them—to talk, laugh, try new things, support each other, bond, and just be! At its inception, the mission was to encompass a safe and fun environment, encourage peer relationships, and increase self-confidence and independence.

Although many changes have been implemented along the way, the mission of camp remains the same—to encompass a safe and fun environment, encourage peer relationships, and increase self-confidence and independence. Plenty of education has been added. Kids learn more about managing their disorder and camp is where many first learn to self-infuse.

 The first time I volunteered at camp was in 2009. I wanted to bring energy and inspiration, and be a mentor. I also wanted to gain an understanding of what kids with a bleeding disorder deal with and why camp is magical to them. By offering a safe environment and gentle suggestions, camp helps kids think differently, allowing them to go outside their comfort zones to try new activities and learn and share with one another without judgment. 

I want to leave a legacy of having done the best I could to help kids develop and reach whatever goals they set for themselves. The good stuff is when a camp activity applies to life at home, and a camper declares, “I never thought I could, but I can, and I did!” Watching a child grow to adulthood and graduate from being a camper to a counselor is especially rewarding.

On their 50th anniversary, we thank the CWJ pioneers who paved the way with such bravery for future generations of camp goers! We celebrate every attendee, family, caregiver, medical staff, and volunteer who has been associated with the success of Camp Warren Jyrch!

With gratitude and appreciation, I am glad to have been a part of it!


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Advocating for the Women in My Life

By Anonymous


As with many young couples, my wife and I were thrilled and terrified when we first learned we were going to become parents. Although we had been married for three wonderful years, we were not sure we were ready for the responsibility that comes with bringing a new life into this world. But as with most parents, even after 16 hours of induced labor, we both could not imagine our lives without our son.

As all first-time parents believe, our son was perfect, but over the next few days, we noticed his coloring was somewhat pale. After multiple calls to the pediatrician and a visit to the hospital, our son was diagnosed with jaundice and spent several days in the hospital. Worried, but still in awe of this new life, we brought him home to begin our new life as a family.

At four months, we noticed a small bruise on his knee, but the pediatrician told us it was nothing to worry about and so we didn’t. After a few days, the bruise was not dissipating, and we noticed it looked swollen so we took him to the local children’s hospital. What followed was a terrifying sequence of tests, mistakes and follow-up visits until we were finally told our son had severe hemophilia A. Neither of us knew anything about hemophilia and we spent his early years learning and searching for answers.

When our second son was born, we knew exactly what we needed to do. He was tested at birth, and he too was diagnosed with severe hemophilia A. This time we felt slightly more confident about how to handle his diagnosis. Having two sons with hemophilia allowed us to see firsthand the similarities and differences this condition presents in every patient.

During this period my wife and I began to discuss her bleeding issues and how debilitating her menstrual cycle had been throughout her life. We launched a dialogue about her concerns with our son’s hematologist and were told her difficulties were not related to a bleeding disorder. Over the next few years, we settled into parenthood and life with a bleeding disorder and all the ups and downs that come with raising a family. As a couple, we had decided not to have more children, primarily due to the probability of having another child with a bleeding disorder.

As our children grew so did the problems with my wife’s menstrual cycle. After multiple attempts to have her tested at the HTC to no avail, my wife discussed her issues with her gynecologist. After learning about her family history of bleeding disorders, her gynecologist submitted an order for a blood test to check her factor levels. The HTC was forced to review the results of the blood tests and it was determined she had 25% factor VIII which classified her as having mild hemophilia. The HTC told her she was considered, in their opinion, a symptomatic carrier. Although this was not the ideal diagnosis, we were content her issues were finally being acknowledged even though no medication was recommended or prescribed.

Our plan to not have more children did not work out as four years after our second son was born, we were given a delightful surprise in the form of a beautiful daughter. Naturally, we were concerned about our daughter’s potential for having bleeding issues like her brothers and mother. When we brought this up to our hematologist, we were told in no uncertain terms that girls are only “carriers” and there was no need to be concerned. We asked if she could be tested regardless to learn her factor levels but we were told the test was not medically necessary and as such, not covered by our insurance. We accepted the information, albeit with some apprehension, and continued our familial journey.

After the birth of our daughter, my wife continued to have bleeding difficulties that only increased in severity. Ultimately, she was diagnosed with uterine polyps due to years of excessive bleeding that was never treated appropriately. Her gynecologist stated the only way to effectively treat her condition was with a complete hysterectomy.

It was a difficult time for my wife, not only because of the surgery but also due to the lifetime of hormone therapy that would become necessary. In addition to the frustration of this new circumstance came the knowledge that if she had been treated as a hemophiliac, like our sons, some of this would likely have been avoided. 

My wife and I immediately turned our attention firmly to the health of our daughter. We both agreed we would do anything necessary to avoid our daughter having to live through the same bleeding issues and consequences that her mother endured. My wife joined a women’s bleeding disorders support group to learn more about bleeding issues in general and to connect with other women in the community. We attended educational programs and began to prepare ourselves for the struggle we knew was coming. 

When our daughter became a woman, we knew exactly what to do. The month after her first menstrual cycle she was seen by her gynecologist, and we explained how debilitating the cycle had been along with our family history of bleeding disorders. The gynecologist immediately ordered blood tests to determine her factor levels. An HTC appointment was scheduled to review the results of the tests. At the appointment, we were told that her factor levels classified her as a symptomatic carrier. When we asked about the severity of her menstrual cycle, we were told it was relatively normal for some women to have excessive bleeding. After discussing my wife’s history with the doctor and her eventual surgery, the hematologist ordered Stimate® and Amicar® to be used as necessary.

The HTC told us we would receive a diagnosis card in the mail to verify her condition. When the card was received, it stated our daughter was diagnosed with von Willebrand disease. I called the HTC to ask about her hemophilia A status and was told the diagnosis on her card was correct. I questioned which blood test showed a deviation in her von Willebrand factor and none could be found.

I politely requested a corrected diagnosis card be sent and the clinic agreed. The following week we received a new card listing the diagnosis as mild hemophilia A and von Willebrand disease. Our daughter has done well with her treatment over the years.

Several months ago, our daughter was recommended for a minor surgical procedure to remove a cyst. Naturally, the surgeon requested a medical clearance to be completed by her hematologist before surgery. During the HTC visit, her first in a few years, the hematologist informed us that the surgery should not be an issue as she was a von Willebrand’s patient and no treatment should be necessary. Even though our daughter is a teenager she asked me to be with her during the exam and I felt the need to correct the hematologist about her diagnosis. I asked if she could show me the test results that supported the diagnosis, and she answered that no tests were available in her chart.

The hematologist turned to my daughter and made the following statement, “There is no reason to worry. Women do not have bleeding issues.” At this point, my daughter looked at me somewhat confused, as if to ask, “Are you sure I have a bleeding disorder?” I must admit I felt a wave of frustration towards this “specialist” and concern, not only for my daughter, but for all the other young women who are potentially meeting with hematologists around the country and receive this same statement – this brush-off and lack of treatment, making them feel as if everything being experienced is either made up or unimportant, and neither is true.

I spent the next few minutes discussing my experience with women living with bleeding issues and the number of women that I know personally who require prophylactic intervention due to their condition. The doctor quickly backtracked and stated she meant that women who are bleeders are rare, to which I stated, “Hemophilia is rare.” The doctor decided to confirm my daughter’s diagnosis by ordering a panel of blood tests to check her levels.

A few weeks later, my daughter and I were at the HTC to review the results of her blood tests. This time we were seen by the clinic’s medical director, who reviewed the tests and explained the results did show that our daughter was a “carrier” of hemophilia A and due to her factor VIII level of 36%, she may need some treatment before surgery. I mentioned that if her diagnosis was simply as a carrier, our insurance might give us some difficulty reimbursing for factor. The doctor agreed and stated he would make a note in her chart that a 36% factor level constituted a mild hemophilia A diagnosis. To finally hear those words come out of an HTC hematologist about my daughter was an affirmation of what we believed all along.

I felt elated that we were finally able to confirm what my wife and I had known since the first set of blood tests were performed several years prior. At the same time, my heart sank thinking about all those young girls and women who have battled bleeding issues their entire adult lives and do not have access to someone who can and will advocate for and with them. To classify a woman as a “carrier” is to put her in a box and say she is fine. Technically anyone who has hemophilia, male or female, is a carrier. Think about it - men with hemophilia carry that chromosome to every daughter he fathers. Ergo, men, too, are carriers. We need to continue to work and advocate until everyone, regardless of their gender, receives the same level and quality of care possible.


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